Evolution

Question 1

Selective breeding

Answer 1

Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.

Question 2

Natural selection

Answer 2

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

Question 3

Competition

Answer 3

the activity or condition of competing.

Question 4

Variation

Answer 4

a different or distinct form or version of something.

Question 5

Adaption

Answer 5

In biology, an adaptation, also called an adaptive trait, is a trait with a current functional role in the life of an organism that is maintained and evolved by means of natural selection.

Question 6

Species

Answer 6

A group of closely related organisms that are very similar to each other and are usually capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

Question 7

Geological isolation

Answer 7

The separation of two populations of the same species or breeding group by a physical barrier, such as a mountain or body of water.

Question 8

Genetic drift

Answer 8

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce.

Question 9

Convergent evolution

Answer 9

In evolutionary biology, convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms not closely related (not monophyletic), independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.

Question 10

Evolution

Answer 10

the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Question 11

Behavioral adaptations

Answer 11

are traits that are passed down through animals that improve the animal’s ability to survive in a certain environment.

Question 12

Structural adaptations

Answer 12

are physical features of an organism like the bill on a bird or the fur on a bear.

Question 13

Functional adaptations

Answer 13

is any adaptation that helps an organism survive.

Question 14

Homo habalis

Answer 14

Used tools

Question 15

Homo erectus

Answer 15

Used fire

Question 16

Neanderthals

Answer 16

Larger brain

Question 17

Fossils

Answer 17

Trace of organisms that once lived

Question 18

Homologous parts

Answer 18

Modified structures in organisms that came from a common ancestor