Evolution

Question 0

What type of things give direct evidence from past life?

Answer 0

Fossilized remains,
Impressions,
Traces of organisms from past geological ages. Approx. 250,000 species.

Question 1

What are the (6) indirect evidence for Evolution?

Answer 1

1. Fossil record
2. Geographic distribution of species
3. Comparative anatomy and embryology
4. Behaviors
5. Plant and animal breeding
6. Biochemistry and genetics

Question 2

What do fossils show?

Answer 2

1. Different species lived on earth at various times in the past and almost all species that have ever lived on earth are now extinct.
2. The complexity of organisms increases from past to present
3. Living species and their most closely matched fossils are located in the same geographic region. Example: sloth fossils are found where modern sloths live.

Question 3

Who revolutionized geology with the argument that most geological change was slow, gradual and had been going on over east expenses of time?

Answer 3

Sir Charles Lyell

Question 4

When was radioactivity discovered?

Answer 4

1903

Question 5

Who thought the earth was 15 to 20 million years old?

Answer 5

Lord kelvin

Question 6

What did Lord Kelvin assume?

Answer 6

That the earth is cooling down over time.

Question 7

What does radioactive decay do?

Answer 7

It changes a particular atom/ parent isotope into a daughter isotope.

Question 8

What does radioactive decay provide?

Answer 8

An accurate geological clock/ age of earth

Question 9

What is radio metric dating?

Answer 9

A technique used to determine the age of a rock or fossil. It is the time it takes for an isotope to decay into a daughter isotope.

Question 10

Define “half life”

Answer 10

The amount of time it takes for half a sample of an isotope to decay and become stable.

Question 11

What is biogeography?

Answer 11

Living things spread around the earth.

Question 12

Name the 5 patterns/ line of biogeography.

Answer 12

1. Earths continents were one land mass
2. Tectonic plates drifted into separate continents
3. Fossil evidence of some species was discovered on more than one continent
4. Recent fossil species are not found on separate continents
5. Suggests that new species evolve after the continents break up

Question 13

Explain what a Homologous feature is.

Answer 13

Features found in many different organisms that serve different functions. Example: forelimbs of a bird, whale, horse and human share similar bone arrangements but serve different functions. This suggests that they evolved from an ancestral forelimb.

Question 14

Explain what an analogous feature is?

Answer 14

Same structure and function but with a different evolutionary origin. Example: bird and insect wing.

Question 15

Give an example of embryonic development?

Answer 15

When human embryos have gill and tail slits, similar to embryos in chicken and fish.

Question 16

Give an example of a vestigial feature.

Answer 16

(Structures that serve no useful purpose) example- whale hind limbs. These may have once served a useful function in an ancient ancestor.
Whales and snakes have vestigial hip bone.

Question 17

Define taxonomy and taxonomists?

Answer 17

Taxonomy- the science of classifying organisms

Taxonomists- done be scientists who do this.

Question 18

What are the advantages of Binomial Nomenclature?

Answer 18

It is a common language for all scientists
It is used to identify organisms
It indicates similarities in anatomy

Question 19

What are the levels of classification?

Answer 19

Kingdom 
Phyla 
Class 
Family 
Order 
Genus 
Species

Question 20

How many kingdoms are there? What are the ki

Answer 20

6!

1. Eubacteria
2. Archaebacteria
3. Protista
4. Fungi
5. Plantae
6. Animalia