Evolution Flashcards
State the word evolution
The gradual change in characteristics in a species overtime
antibiotic
Medicine that helps people recover from a bacterial
infection by killing the pathogen
What kingdom are there
There are five kingdoms into which organisms are divided:
plants, animals, fungi, protists and prokaryote.
species
A group of organisms that can reproduce with each other
to produce offspring that will also be able to reproduce.
Organism names have two Latin words – the first is its
genus and the second is its species.
artificial selection
When people choose organisms with certain
characteristics and use only those ones for breeding.
disease resistance
Unaffected or less affected by a certain disease.
genetic engineering
Altering the genome of an organism, often by adding
genes from another species. Also called genetic
modification.
genetically modified
organism (GMO)
Organism that has been produced using genetic
engineering.
selective breeding
When humans choose an organism that has a certain
characteristic and then breed more of these organisms,
making that chosen characteristic more and more obvious.
yield
The amount of useful product that you can get from
something.
allele
Most genes come in different versions, called alleles. So a
gene for eye colour may have a version (allele) that can
cause dark eyes and an allele that can cause pale eyes.
insulin
The hormone that decreases blood glucose concentration.
Used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
ligase
An enzyme that joins two DNA molecules together.
Plasmid
A small loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria.
recombinant DNA
DNA made by joining two sections of DNA together.
What does GENIE stand for
Genetic variation
Environment
Natural Selection
Inheritance
Evolution
