Evolution

Question 1

Survival rates & successful adaption

Answer 1

. Survival rates for organisms can change depending on how well they adapt to their environment

.successful adaption (e.g , camouflage , better hunting skills) help organisms survive and reproduce

.organisms with good adaptions have a higher chance of survival , whereas those without adaptions may die out

Question 2

How organisms have changed over time

Answer 2

. Over millions of years , organisms have evolved (changed) to better suit their environment

. Example 1: Darwin flinches - flinches on different islands developed different beaks based on food availability

. Example 2: peppered moths - their Color changed during the Industrial Revolution to better blend in with darkened trees

Question 3

Simple evolutionary sequence

Answer 3

1. Variation - individuals in a species show differences (e.g , different fur colors).
2. Competition - organisms compete for limited resources (food , shelter).

3.survival of the fittest - those with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

4. Inheritance - successful traits are passes on to the next generation
5. Evolution - over many generations , the species changes

Question 4

Peer review

Answer 4

. Peer review is when scientists check each others work to make sure it is correct and reliable

.it helps ensure that conclusions are based on good evidence and valid methods

Question 5

Process by which organisms evolve

Answer 5

. The process by which organisms evolve is natural selection

. Over time , traits that help survival become more common in a population

Question 6

What is extinct?

Answer 6

. Extinct means that a species no longer exists anywhere on earth.

. Example: Rhe dodo is an extinct bird that once lived on an island

Question 7

What is biodiversity?

Answer 7

. Biodiversity refers to the variety of different species of plants , animals , and microorganisms in a certain area

. High biodiversity means a healthy ecosystem with many different species

Question 8

Theory for dinosaur extinction

Answer 8

. One possible theory for dinosaur extinction is the asteroid impacts theory

. A giant astroid struck earth around 66 million years ago causing massive climate changes ( e.g., darkness, cold temperatures).

. This led to extinction of many species, including dinosaurs.

Question 9

Endangered species

Answer 9

. An endangered species is a species at risk of becoming extinct in the near future.

. Example: the Amur leopard is one of the most endangered big cats

Question 10

Protecting endangered species

Answer 10

. One way to protect endangered species is to create protected areas.(e.g., national parks, wildlife preserves.).

. These areas help protect animals from hunting, habitat loss, and other threats.

Question 11

Identifying simple patterns and data

Answer 11

. Patterns and data can help us understand trends or relationship relationships.

. Example: if a graph shows that the number of trees decrease the temperature increases, we can identify a possible link between temperature rise and deforestation.

Question 12

Example of extinction

Answer 12

An example of extinction is the dodo by the bar was a flat left on the island in the engine ocean it went in the late 1600s primarily due to over hunting by humans in the introduction of invasive species(like rats and pigs) that ate the dodo eggs. The last name was seen in 1681, and since then, no living members of the species have been found.

Question 13

What’s the extinction?

Answer 13

Extinction as the permanent disappearance of the species from earth when a species is extinct there are no living individuals left, and the species no longer XX anyone in the world this can happen due to factors like loss, climate change, hunting, or competition from other species

Question 14

Dinosaur extinction
Asteroid impact theory

Answer 14

. Explanation.: about 66 million years ago, a massive asteroid.(around 10 km in diameter.) struck earth near what is now the Utan Pennisula in Mexico, creating the chixulub crater . The impact is enormous amount of energy, causing fires, tsunami, and nuclear winter effect, where dust and debris block sunlight, dramatically calling the planet.

. Consequences.: The sudden climate change caused by the dust cloud led to the extinction of many species, including the non-avian dinosaurs without sunlight, plants could not photosynthesise disrupt in the food chain.

. Evidence: a layer of idiom.(around metal found in asteroids.) has been found in a rock layers from this time, supporting the idea of an astroid impact.

Question 15

Dinosaur extinction volcano activity theory

Answer 15

. Explanation.: Some scientist bleed that must volcano actions, particularly in the decking traps is what is now India, contributed to the extinction eruption loss of 1 millions of years and releases large amounts of gases, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide, into the atmosphere.

. Consequences.: The gases that could’ve caused global warming(due to the increase CO2) and acid rain(from sulphur dioxide) these climate changes would have affected Ecosys and food sources, possibly leading to the extinction of many species

. evidence: the Deccan capture evidence of large scale volcano activity during the same time period extinction event.

Question 16

Dinosaur extinction gradual climate change theory

Answer 16

. Explanation.: This theory suggests that earth climate was already changing over 1 millions of years before the extinction event. It may have involved a gradual cooling or warming of the planet changes in sea levels, or shifts and vegetation.

. Consequences.: over overtime, these changes might have disrupted dinosaur habitats and food sources. Some species might have been unable to adapt quickly enough to the new conditions leading to a slow decline in the population.

. Evidence.: Fossil records show some evidence of climate change shift during the Cretaceous periods though this theory alone doesn’t explain the sudden mass extinction.

Question 17

If an astroid collided with the Earth large amount of dust and water vapour would be throwing up into the air. This would mean less light and heat would reach the Sun surface from
A reduced amount of light and heat could’ve caused the extinction of plants suggest how

Answer 17

The plants cannot photosynthesise without the light

Question 18

How could the extinction of plants have caused the extinction of some animals?

Answer 18

If there are less plants, there will be less food for the herbivores so some will become ex

Question 19

Give some reasons other than collision with astroid animals may become extinct

Answer 19

1. Introduction of a new predator
2. Climate change
3. Destruction of habitats
4. Introduction of new diseases