Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO 110 > Evolution > Flashcards

Evolution Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Reductionism

A

reducing complex systems to simpler components that are easier to study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evolution

A

process of biological change in which species accumulate differences from their ancestors as they adapt to different environments over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Emergent Properties

A

new characteristics that appear as you move up the hierarchy of life, due to the way parts interact and combine as complexity increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 5 themes of life?

A

-Organization
-Information
-Energy and Matter
-Interactions
-Evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 Domains of Life?

A
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea
  • Eukaryota
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • rod shaped structure
  • single cell
  • no nucleus
A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • live in extreme environments (ex. salty lakes hot springs)
  • single cell
  • no nucleus
A

Archaea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • has a nucleus
  • metazoans = multicellular animals
  • protists = eukaryotes that are not plants, fungi or animals
A

Eukaryota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 Kingdoms?

A
  • Plantae
  • Fungi
  • Animalia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

this kingdoms’ plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules by photosynthesis

A

plantae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

this kingdom absorbs dissolved nutrients from their surroundings

A

fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the kingdom we belong to

A

animalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is evolution a unifying theory in biology?

A

it explains how life varies, how organisms are related, and how species change over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Convergent Evolution

A

the evolution of similar features in independent evolutionary lineages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Homology

A

similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Analogy

A

similarity between two species due to convergent evolution, not shared ancestry

17
Q

What evidence supports the evolutionary unity of life?

A
  • anatomy
  • genetic similarities
  • molecular biology
  • fossil record
18
Q

Descent with Modification

A

offspring inherit traits from their ancestors, but these traits can change or evolve over time, leading to variations among species

19
Q

Charles Darwin

A
  • developed the concept of Natural Selection, proposing that species evolve over time.
  • “Origin of Species”
  • created “descent with modification”
20
Q

Natural Selection

A

process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits

21
Q

How does the process of natural selection result in adaption?

A

favors individuals with traits that improve their chances of survival and reproduction. Over time, these advantageous traits become more common in the population, leading to better adaption to the environment

22
Q

Artificial Selection

A

guided by humans’ choices

23
Q

Natural Selection

A

driven by environmental factors

24
Q

Examples observed of evolutionary change

A
  • Natural selection in response to introduced species = observation of Soapberry bugs in Florida
  • Evolution of Drug-Resistant Bacteria = Staphylococcus aureus
25
Q

How does homology provide evidence for homology

A

provides evidence for common ancestry by showing similar structures in different species that have evolved from a shared ancestor

26
Q

How does the fossil record provide support for evolution?

A
  • provides a record of how creatures evolved and how this process shows all species are related to each other
27
Q

Biogeography

A

the scientific study of the past and present geographic distributions of species

28
Q

How does biogeography support evolution?

A

shows that species in different areas evolve unique traits to adapt to their environment

29
Q

Phylogeny

A

the evolutionary history of a species or group of related

30
Q

Root

A

the common ancestor of all the organisms in the tree

31
Q

Branch

A

represents evolutionary lineages or pathways

32
Q

Node

A

the point where a branch splits, indicating a common ancestor

33
Q

Tip

A

the endpoint of a branch, representing a current or extinct species

34
Q

Clade

A

a group of organisms that includes a common ancestor and all its descendants

35
Q

Sister Taxa

A

Two groups that share an immediate common ancestor

36
Q
A

BIO 110 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions