Evolution Flashcards
Evolution
When an organism changes over time
Common Ancestor
When two organisms share DNA with a common distant relative
Natural Selection
When organisms survive or don’t survive based off of natural events
Sexual Selection
When an organism’s family line continues or doesn’t based off of attractive traits. For example: color.
Artificial Selection
When organisms survive or don’t based off of artificial things. For example: plant hormones.
Fitness
How likely an organism is to survive.
Adaptation
When an organism mutates based off its habitat.
Homologous Structure
Same structure, different function. Shares a common ancestor.
Analogous Structure
Different structure, similar function. Doesn’t share a common ancestor.
Adaptive Radiation
When one population splits into many different species. This is also a type of divergent evolution.
Convergent Evolution
When two organisms are not closely related, have similar environments, and are analogous structures.
Divergent Evolution
When two organisms share a recent common ancestor, are homologous structure, have very different environments, a new species is formed.
Stabilizing Selection
Selection that favors intermediate forms over extreme phenotypes.
Directional Selection
Selection that favors rare phenotypes.
Disruptive Selection
Selection that favors both extreme phenotypes.
