Evidence for evolution

Question 1

Sedimentary Rocks

Answer 1

-rocks formed by the accumulation of sediments.
-Becomes strata when they’re laid down

Question 2

Fossils

Answer 2

The preserved remains of plants and animals buried in sediments

Question 3

Micro and Macro fossils

Answer 3

Macro- large enough to be seen
Micro- tiny fossils that can be seen under a microscope

Question 4

Fossil record

Answer 4

group of fossils that has been analyzed and arranged
-dated by carbon process
-fossils are evidence of evolution

Question 5

Biogeography

Answer 5

study where organisms live now and where their ancestors lived in the past

Question 6

Two biogeographical patterns

Answer 6

-closely related species differentiate slightly in different climates
-distantly related species develop similarities in similar environments

Question 7

Homology

Answer 7

refers to the similarity of a structure ,physiology, or development of different species based upon a common evolutionary ancestor EX: Limbs of humans

Question 8

Homology structures

Answer 8

homologous structures ——>divergent evolution
structures that have similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve a completely different purpose.

Question 9

Divergent Evolution

Answer 9

process by which organisms with a common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in a new species

Question 10

Analogous structures

Answer 10

structures that serve similar functions but don’t share the same structures and development EX:fins of fish

Question 11

Convergent evolution

Answer 11

the process in which two organisms don’t share a common ancestor evolve and develop similarities independently of one another

Question 12

Vestigial structures

Answer 12

structures inherited from ancestors but have lost their original size and functions EX:whales have vestigial pelvic bones

Question 13

Comparative embryology

Answer 13

the study of the similarities in the embryos of different species