Evidence Based Practice Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is EBP
Integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient value
Who are those who play role in evidence based practice?
Consumers and producers of research
Why is EBP important?
Our knowledge can be wrong
Knowledge need to be kept up to date
Research can be bias
Practice must be informed with best quality research
Integrate research with clinical expertise and patient prefernce
How do we ensure patients voices are represented in decision making
1 Involving them in making choices about their treatments (Health care practice)
2 Carrying our patient survey (management)
3 Appointment service users to boards- hospital boards and provincial advisory
True or false - EBP is an expectation of NP
True:
1. NP should integrate Evidence informed knowledge base in advance assessment and diagnosing clients health needs
2. Implement evidence informed therapeutic interventions
How do you ensure evidence based practice?
- Have spirit of enquire - ask why?
- Are my practice evidence based?
- Where do I find best evidence
- Who can assist me to enhance knowledge
- Where do I find mentor?
What are the barriers to EBP?
- Attitudes and belief
- Inadequate knowledge
- Lack of mentors
- Inadequate resources
- Insufficient time
- Lack of research materials in intended topic
What are the facilitators of EBP
1 Apprioprate knowledge
2. Belief in value to EBP
3. Organizational culture that support EBP
4. Clinical practice guidelines or pre- processed evidence
5 EBP mentors
List steps for EBP process
0 cultivate a spirit of inquiry
1. Ask clinical questions in searchable format
2. Search for best evidence
3. Critically appraise the evidence
4. Integrate the evidence with clinical espertize and patient preference and values
5. Evaluate the outcome
6. Disseminate EBP results
What are the benefits of EBP
- Empower patients
- Improve outcomes
- Its standard for NP
What is research?
Systematic inquiry that uses structured methods to answer questions or solve problems
What is nursing research?
Systematic inquiry to develop knowledge about issues important to nursing profession
What is the focus of nursing research?
- Recipients of care
- Providers of care
- Health care systems
What is basic research?
Scientific investigation that involves the pursuit of knowledge for knowledge sake without specific application
Applied or clinical research is what?
Scientific investigation conducted to generate knowledge that will directly influence or improve clinical practice
What does rigor mean?
Rigor involves discipline, scrupulous adherence to detail and strict accuracy
What does control means in quantitative research?
Imposing of rules by researcher to decrease the possibility of error and increase probability that the study’s finding are accurate and reflect reality
What is the benefit of applied research?
It create knowledge that will improve health, lengthen life and decrease illness and disability
What are the 2 philosophical origins for research methods use
- Logical positivism/post positivism
- Naturalistic/ constructivism
What’s the philosophical origin for quantitative research?
Logical positivism, post positivism
What is the philosophical origin for qualitative research?
Naturalistic, interpretive and humanistic
What does logical positivism/post positivism consider truth as!
Truth is absolute
Logical positivism/post positivism
Consider truth as absolute and there is a single reality that can be defined
Naturalistic/constructivism
Reality is not fixed, reality is multiple and subjective
Logical positivism/post positivism align with what type of research?
Quantitative research
What is the focus of quantitative research?
Concise, objective, reductionistic
What is the reasoning of quantitative research?
Logistic and deductive
What is the basis of reasoning of quantitative research?
Cause and effect relationships
Theoretical focus of quantitative research is what?
Test theory
What’s the researcher’s involvement in quantitative research?
Control
Measurements of data in quantitative research involve what?
Structured interviews, questionnaires, observations, scales. Physiological measurements
Data in quantitative research is what?
Number
What is the method of data analysis in quantitative research?
Statistical analysis
What are characteristics of findings in quantitative research?
Acceptance or rejection of theoretical propositions? Generalization
What is the focus of qualitative research?
Broad, subjective, holistic
Reasoning in quantitative research is what?
Dialectic and inductive
What is the basis of knowing in qualitative research?
Meaning, discovery and understanding
The theoretical focus in qualitative research is what?
Develop theory and framework
What is the researchers involvement in qualitative research?
Shared intepretation
What is the method of measurement in qualitative research
Unstructured interviews, observations, focus groups
Data in qualitative research is what!
Words
Analysis of qualitative research is what?
Test based analysis
Findings in qualitative research are;
Uniqueness, dynamic, understanding of phenomena, new theory, models and/or frameworks
What are the types of quantitative research
- Descriptive research
- Correlation research
- Quasi- experimental research
- Experimental research
What are the types of qualitative research?
Phenomenal research
Grounded theory research
Ethnographic research
Exploratory-descriptive qualitative research
Historical research
True or false; work flow in quantitative research is linear
True
What are the phases in quantitative work flow?
- Conceptual phase
- Design and planning phase
- Empirical phase
- Analytical phase
- Dissemination phase
What is involved in the empirical phase of quantitative research workflow?
Data collection
Conceptual phase of quantitative research work flow involves what?
Defining problem, literature review, Defining frame work and formulating hypothesis
Design & planning phase of quantitative research involves what?
Select research design, identify population, design sampling plan, specify measurement methods and development methods to safeguard participants
Non- experimental design are
Cross-sectional studies
Case control study
Cohort study
Experimental design studies are:
Quasi experimental study and randomized control trials
In which study design is bias more feasible among the following
RCT, cohort study and cross sectional study?
Cross sessional study
Describe concept in quantitative research
The abstract being studied e.g pain
Conceptual definition
The abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied. e.g physical suffering caused by illness or injury
Operational definition
The operations(measurements) a researcher must perform to collect desired information. e.g pain score or heart rate
What is the meaning of variable
Characteristics or quality that takes on different values ( can vary between individuals)
What are the different types of variables?
Independent and dependent variables
Continuous and categorical variables
What is data?
Piece of information collected in a study.
Can be represented in graphs, chart
What is internal validity
The degree to which the effects detected in the study are true reflection of reality rather than a result of extraneous variables
What is statistical conclusion validity?
Relationships detected statistically are true and not due to chance
What is construct validity
The variables as measure accurately reflected the concepts under study
External validity and generalizability
The extent to which study findings are valid for those not in the study
