Evidence - Based Medicine Flashcards
Odds are being expressed in cases
and control
ODD RATIO
Comprehensive summary of best evidence
addressing a defined question.
Systematic Review
Provide clear and concise, independent
and
evidence-based
recommendations
about patient management that have been
developed by experts.
Therapeutic Guidelines
Systematic review uses quantitative methods
to summarize results.
META ANALYSIS
EBM Integrated Components
Clinical expertise
Patient values
Best evidence
The conscientious, explicit and judicious use of
current best evidence in making decisions about the
care of the individual patient.
EVIDENCE - BASED MEDICINE
For quick and selective screening of 1° sources.
SECONDARY RESOURCES
Easy access; may be outdated
TERTIARY RESOURCES
Most current information
PRIMARY RESOURCES
Journals
PRIMARY RESOURCES
Textbooks
TERTIARY RESOURCES
Less recall bias
Expensive
COHORT/PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Presence or absence of risk factors.
COHORT/PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Study of the use and effects of drugs in
large number of population.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY
Disease prevalence and prevalence of risk factors.
CROSS-SECTIONAL/PREVALENCE STUDY
Comparing treatment and placebo.
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS
Presence or absence of disease.
CASE CONTROL/ RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Recall bias
Inexpensive
CASE CONTROL/RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Types of PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY study design
- CASE-CONTROL/RETROSPECTIVE
- COHORT/PROSPECTIVE
- CROSS-SECTIONAL/PREVALENCE
- RANDOMIZED - CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS
Costly, tlme intensive, ethical considerations
RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS
Encompasses the
measurement of serum drug
levels and the application of
clinical pharmacokinetics to
improve patient care.
THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING
The range of drug conc within which the drug exhibits max efficacy and min toxicity in px majority.
THERAPEUTIC RANGE
Applications of TDM
Time to maximal response
Need for loading dose
Dosage alterations
Choosing a formulation
gentamicin, tobramycin,
netilmicin, amikacin, vancomycin
AMINOGLYCOSIDES
