Evidence Based Flashcards
If A happened before B, then A must have caused B
Post hoc ergo propter hoc
Two things A and Z are linked through a series of small steps which may not be related and may never happen
Slippery slope
Conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence- rushing to a conclusion
Hasty generalization
A person, idea, institute or theory is deemed worthy or unworthy based on an impression of the character, nature or worth of it’s originator
Genetic fallacy
The conclusion is proven within the claim
Begging the question
Restating the argument rather than proving it
Circular argument
Oversimplifying the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices
either/or
attacking the character of the person rather than the argument or idea
ad hominem
Emotional appeal that speaks to positive or negative concepts rather than the real issue
ad populum
Diversion that avoids the key issues
Red herring
Oversimplifying an opponent’s viewpoint and then attacks that hollow argument
Straw Man
Comparing minor misdeeds with major atrocities
Moral equivalence
The probability of a positive test in someone who has the disease
Sensitivity (PID- positive in disease) True positive in someone who has disease
The probability of a negative test in someone who doesn’t have the disease
Specificity (NIH- negative in disease) True negative in someone who doesn’t have the disease
The probability that a patient with a positive test result really does have the disease
Positive predictive value PPV
The probability that a patient with a negative result really doesn’t have the disease
Negative predictive value NPV
Ratio of positive tests in those WITH the disease to positive tests in those WITHOUT the disease
Positive likelihood ratio (+ in disease / + in NO disease)
Ratio of negative tests in those WITH disease divided by the ratio of negative tests in those WITHOUT disease
Negative likelihood ratio (-in disease / - in no disease
Is there a difference from the beginning of the study to the conclusion of the study in the SAME group?
Within group difference
Is there a difference observed between groups?
Between group difference
Compares 3 or more groups
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
Test of Association
Pearson and Spearman
Used to asses relationship between 2 or more variables
Linear regression (CORRELATION)
Measures that provide insight into the patient’s physiology
DOE Disease-oriented evidence (blood pressure, reflexes, nervoscope)
