Everything1 Flashcards
Formula of Momentum
Mass X Velocity
Formula for Kinetic Energy
1/2 X Mass X Velocity^2
1/2mv^2
Formula for Power
Work done/Time taken W/t
Energy transferred/Time taken E/t
Efficiency’s formula
Useful Energy output/total energy output
Formula for Speed,Distance,Time
DST
Distance=Speed x Time
Speed=Distance/Time
Time=Distance/Speed
Formula of Resultant Force
Mass X Acceleration
Formula for work done
Force X Distance
Weight
Gfs x mass
Formula of elastic potential energy
1/2 k e^2
Acceleration
Final speed - initial speed /time
Formula for pressure
Force / area
All waves transfer energy but not
Matter , matter is not transferred
Longitudinal waves vibrate BLANK to the direction of wave travel
parallel
Transverse waves vibrate BLANK to the direction of wave travel
Perpendicular
Equation for time period in waves
Time period= 1/ Frequency
T= 1/f
T is in seconds measured in
F frequency is measured in HZ
What is the equation for wave speed?
Wave speed = frequency X wavelength
V = Fㅅ
m/s = Hz X Metres
Newtons second law and explain it
Inertia. It is the tendency fir moving objects to keep moving
What is inverse square law
Energy unit
Joule
What is radiation?
Release of energy in the forms of moving waves or streams of particles
Radiation can be inozing and non ionizing whats the difference
3 types kf radioactive decay
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Unit of radioactivity
Becquerel (Bq)
1 Bq= 1 nuclear decay per second
Radioactive substances emit radiation no matter what is done
Unstable nuclei are the reason of radioactivity
This is due to
Too many neutrons or protons
Large size.
Order of the EM SPECTRUM
Raging Martians Invaded Venus Using X-ray Guns
radio waves radiation, microwave radiation, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays
What is Activity?
And the units
The activity of a radioactive source is the number of
unstable nuclei that decay every second
Units Becquerel
What is Activity?
The activity of a radioactive source is the number of
unstable nuclei that decay every second
What is count rate
Count rate is The number of decys recorded each second by a detector
What is count rate
Count rate is The number of decys recorded each second by a detector
What is a satelite
A satellite is something or anything that orbits a planet
What is a natural satellite
Like the moon and it is NOT man made
What is a artificial satellite
Something that orbits a planet like communication pr orbital telescopes which ARE man made
Differnec between asteroid and comets
Astroid are mostly made from rock and metal and are found in the asteroid belt
COMETS are made of ice and dust they do orbit the sun and orbit ellpitically and are at the outskits of the solar system
Galaxy definition
Galaxies are a collection of billions of stars called star systems
Ours is the milky way
The UNIVERSE IS A VAST AREA SCATTERED WITH GALAXIES AND GALAXIES HAVE BILLIONS OF STARS AND SOLAR SYSTEMS
They are held by gravity
How does a nebula become a star?
Starts as a nebula :a cloud of dust and gas
Then over time gravity pulls dust and gas together to become a Protostar as particles collide and join the protostar and gets bigger and force of gravity gets stronger and attracts more dust and gas
Then gravity squeezes it and makes it more dense and then there are more frequent collisions then when temperature and pressure gets high enough hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium nuclei this is called nuclear fusion and this gives out lots of energy and becomes a star
What happens when it is a main sequence star?
The outward pressure caused by the energy released is balanced by the inward pressure of gravity
This allows for a long stable period where it lasts for billions of years
Eventually the star will run out of hydrogen and wont be able to complete nuclear fusion and then inward pressure of gravity contracts the star inito a small ball and then it gets hot and then nuclear fusion starts causing it to expand and this time round it will form heavier elements
Red giant what happens next
If the star was a small to medium star it will form a Red Giant
After time ot becomes unstable and and expels dust and gas layers
This then leaves a hot dense solid core amd is called a white dwarf
This gets cooler and darker and becomes a Black Dwarf
Red Super Giant what ahppenz next
If the star was really big it would turn to red super giant
After time it starts to shine brightly again as it undergoes more nuclear fusion
After many cycles of expansion and contraction it explodes and it becomes a supernova
And then it forms elements heavier than iron that get ejected across the universe
If it was just big it would become a neutron star
But if it was massive it would become a black hole
What is newtons first law
An object travelling at a certain velocity will continue to travel at that velocity.Unless acted upon by resultant force
Formula for acceleration
Acceleration = change in velocity / time
