Everything You Need To Know To Pass Finals Sem 1 Flashcards
Absolute location
The exact position of a place on the earth.
How do you find absolute location?
By naming the latitude and longitude
Relative location
Location in relation to another place (ex: north, east, downhill, ect.)
Purpose of maps
For reference and navigation use.
Thematic maps
Map that emphasizes a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area
Physical maps
Shows the location of natural features such as mountains and rivers; can also show cities and countries
Political maps
Shoes the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, counties, cities, and towns
Prime meridian
0 degrees longitude
What is a line of longitude/meridian?
Lines that measure distance east and west
What are lines of latitude/parallels
Measure the distance north or south
Equator
Measure at 0 degrees latitude. South of the equator is South latitude, north is called north latitude
International date line
180 degree meridian on the opposite side of the earth
Tropic of Cancer
23 1/2 degrees N, the northernmost point of the earth to receive direct sun rays. The direct rays reach the Tropic of Cancer on June 21st(bringing the summer solstice) marks summer
Tropic of Capricorn
When the suns rays strike farther south , reaching 23 1/2 S, on about December 22, marking winter
Site
Refers to the specific location of a place, including its physical setting
Location
A specific place on the earth
Region
A broad geographical area distinguished by similar features
Why people migrate
For political, educational, economical, living standards, looking for jobs
Impact of migrants
Urbanization
How to find latitude on a map?
Find the location on the map, then find the line if latitude that it is on. To find a location, follow the line of latitude (until it meets the longitude)
How to find longitude on a map
Find your location and then the line of longitude that its on
To find the location follow the line of longitude (until it meets the line of latitude)
Key/legend
List and explains symbols, colors, and lines used on the map.
Formal Region
Defined by common characteristics such as a product produced there (ex: the corn belt-a band of farmland from Ohio to Nebraska- is a formal region because corn is its major crop
Functional region
Is a central place and the surrounding area linked to it. (Ex: Metropolitan areas, as well as smaller cities and towns, are functional regions)
Perceptual region
Is defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data (ex: the term “heart land” refers to a centra area in which traditional values are believed predominant
Cartographer
One who makes maps
Cartography
The science of map making
Population growth
When the birth rate of a country is higher than the death rate
Population density
The average number of people In a square mile or square kilometer
Zero population growth
Death rate and birth rate in a country is equal
Population distribution
The pattern of population in a country, a contingent, or the world
Negative population growth
When the death rate in a country is higher than the birth rate
Doubling time
The number of years it takes a population to double in time
Urbanization
The movement of people from rural areas into cities
Cultural Diffusion
The spreA of new knowledge and skills from one culture to another
Culture hearts
A center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward (some are Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, china, and Mexico)
Ethnic group
A group of people who share a common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or a combination of such characteristics
Industrial revolution
The rapid major change in the economy with the introduction of power driven machinery
Information revolution
Development of technologies (such as computers, digital communication, microchips) in the second half of the 20th century that has led to dramatic reduction in the cost of obtaining, processing, storing, and transmitting information in all forms (text, graphics, audio, video)
Agricultural revolution
When nomads began to settle in permanent villages and shifted from hunting to growing their own food
Socialism
A type of command economy allowing a wider range of free enterprise than communism. 1. Has equal wealth and economic opportunities 2. Society has control over decisions about public goods through the government 3. Public ownership of services and factories that are essential
Democratic Socialism
People have basic human rights and elect their political leaders
Unitary form of government
Gives all key powers to the national or central government. Does not mean their is only one structure of government, the government may create state or local governments and give them limited sovereignty
Traditional economy
Habit and custom determine the rules for all economic activity. Individuals are not free to determine what they would like to have. Their behavior is defined by the customs of elders and ancestors
Communism
Type of command economy. Requires strict government control over almost the entire society, including the economy. The government decides how much to produces, what to produce, and how Tom distribute the good and services.
Command economy
Government owns and/or directs all means of production, and controls the distribution of goods. Goods are and services are distributed equally.
Free enterprise
The idea that price individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with only limited government interference. People are free to choose what jobs they will do and for whom they will work.
Quota
A proportional share, as of goods, assigned to a group or to each member of a group
Autocracy
a system if government in which the power to rule belongs to a single individual. Oldest and one of the most common forms of government
Democracy
Any system of government in which leaders rule with the decent of the citizens. The key idea is that people hold sovereign power.
Embargo
A ban on trade
Monarchy
A form of autocracy with a hereditary king or queen in supreme power
Tariff
Tax on inputs and outputs
Things that affect culture
Religion, language, heritage, architecture, dress, child rearing
Demography
Statistical study if human population especially with sequence to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics
Founder of Hinduism
No single founder
Geographical Area of origin of Hinduism
India
Sacred site of Hinduism
Ganges
Sacred text of Hinduism
Vedas
Famous people of Hinduism
Shiva
Founder of Christianity
Abraham
Geographical area of origin of Christianity
Israel
Sacred site of christianity
Jerusalem
Sacred text of Christianity
Bible
Famous people of Christianity
Jesus
Founder of Judaism
Abraham
Geographical area of origin of Judaism
Western Palistine
Sacred site of Judaism
Western wall
Sacred text of Judaism
Torah
Famous people of Judaism
Abraham
Founder of Buddhism
Buddha
Geographical area of origin of Buddhism
India
Scred site of Buddhism
Bodhi tree
Sacred text of Buddhism
Tripitaka
Famous people of Buddhism
Buddha
Founder of Islam
Muhammad
Geographical area of origin
Egypt and Israel
Sacred site of Islam
Makkah
Said text of Islam
Quaran
Famous people of Islam
Muhammad
