Everything You Need To Know To Pass Finals Sem 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Absolute location

A

The exact position of a place on the earth.

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2
Q

How do you find absolute location?

A

By naming the latitude and longitude

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3
Q

Relative location

A

Location in relation to another place (ex: north, east, downhill, ect.)

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4
Q

Purpose of maps

A

For reference and navigation use.

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5
Q

Thematic maps

A

Map that emphasizes a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area

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6
Q

Physical maps

A

Shows the location of natural features such as mountains and rivers; can also show cities and countries

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7
Q

Political maps

A

Shoes the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, counties, cities, and towns

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8
Q

Prime meridian

A

0 degrees longitude

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9
Q

What is a line of longitude/meridian?

A

Lines that measure distance east and west

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10
Q

What are lines of latitude/parallels

A

Measure the distance north or south

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11
Q

Equator

A

Measure at 0 degrees latitude. South of the equator is South latitude, north is called north latitude

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12
Q

International date line

A

180 degree meridian on the opposite side of the earth

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13
Q

Tropic of Cancer

A

23 1/2 degrees N, the northernmost point of the earth to receive direct sun rays. The direct rays reach the Tropic of Cancer on June 21st(bringing the summer solstice) marks summer

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14
Q

Tropic of Capricorn

A

When the suns rays strike farther south , reaching 23 1/2 S, on about December 22, marking winter

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15
Q

Site

A

Refers to the specific location of a place, including its physical setting

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16
Q

Location

A

A specific place on the earth

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17
Q

Region

A

A broad geographical area distinguished by similar features

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18
Q

Why people migrate

A

For political, educational, economical, living standards, looking for jobs

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19
Q

Impact of migrants

A

Urbanization

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20
Q

How to find latitude on a map?

A

Find the location on the map, then find the line if latitude that it is on. To find a location, follow the line of latitude (until it meets the longitude)

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21
Q

How to find longitude on a map

A

Find your location and then the line of longitude that its on
To find the location follow the line of longitude (until it meets the line of latitude)

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22
Q

Key/legend

A

List and explains symbols, colors, and lines used on the map.

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23
Q

Formal Region

A

Defined by common characteristics such as a product produced there (ex: the corn belt-a band of farmland from Ohio to Nebraska- is a formal region because corn is its major crop

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24
Q

Functional region

A

Is a central place and the surrounding area linked to it. (Ex: Metropolitan areas, as well as smaller cities and towns, are functional regions)

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25
Perceptual region
Is defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data (ex: the term "heart land" refers to a centra area in which traditional values are believed predominant
26
Cartographer
One who makes maps
27
Cartography
The science of map making
28
Population growth
When the birth rate of a country is higher than the death rate
29
Population density
The average number of people In a square mile or square kilometer
30
Zero population growth
Death rate and birth rate in a country is equal
31
Population distribution
The pattern of population in a country, a contingent, or the world
32
Negative population growth
When the death rate in a country is higher than the birth rate
33
Doubling time
The number of years it takes a population to double in time
34
Urbanization
The movement of people from rural areas into cities
35
Cultural Diffusion
The spreA of new knowledge and skills from one culture to another
36
Culture hearts
A center where cultures developed and from which ideas and traditions spread outward (some are Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan, china, and Mexico)
37
Ethnic group
A group of people who share a common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or a combination of such characteristics
38
Industrial revolution
The rapid major change in the economy with the introduction of power driven machinery
39
Information revolution
Development of technologies (such as computers, digital communication, microchips) in the second half of the 20th century that has led to dramatic reduction in the cost of obtaining, processing, storing, and transmitting information in all forms (text, graphics, audio, video)
40
Agricultural revolution
When nomads began to settle in permanent villages and shifted from hunting to growing their own food
41
Socialism
A type of command economy allowing a wider range of free enterprise than communism. 1. Has equal wealth and economic opportunities 2. Society has control over decisions about public goods through the government 3. Public ownership of services and factories that are essential
42
Democratic Socialism
People have basic human rights and elect their political leaders
43
Unitary form of government
Gives all key powers to the national or central government. Does not mean their is only one structure of government, the government may create state or local governments and give them limited sovereignty
44
Traditional economy
Habit and custom determine the rules for all economic activity. Individuals are not free to determine what they would like to have. Their behavior is defined by the customs of elders and ancestors
45
Communism
Type of command economy. Requires strict government control over almost the entire society, including the economy. The government decides how much to produces, what to produce, and how Tom distribute the good and services.
46
Command economy
Government owns and/or directs all means of production, and controls the distribution of goods. Goods are and services are distributed equally.
47
Free enterprise
The idea that price individuals or groups have the right to own property or businesses and make a profit with only limited government interference. People are free to choose what jobs they will do and for whom they will work.
48
Quota
A proportional share, as of goods, assigned to a group or to each member of a group
49
Autocracy
a system if government in which the power to rule belongs to a single individual. Oldest and one of the most common forms of government
50
Democracy
Any system of government in which leaders rule with the decent of the citizens. The key idea is that people hold sovereign power.
51
Embargo
A ban on trade
52
Monarchy
A form of autocracy with a hereditary king or queen in supreme power
53
Tariff
Tax on inputs and outputs
54
Things that affect culture
Religion, language, heritage, architecture, dress, child rearing
55
Demography
Statistical study if human population especially with sequence to size and density, distribution, and vital statistics
56
Founder of Hinduism
No single founder
57
Geographical Area of origin of Hinduism
India
58
Sacred site of Hinduism
Ganges
59
Sacred text of Hinduism
Vedas
60
Famous people of Hinduism
Shiva
61
Founder of Christianity
Abraham
62
Geographical area of origin of Christianity
Israel
63
Sacred site of christianity
Jerusalem
64
Sacred text of Christianity
Bible
65
Famous people of Christianity
Jesus
66
Founder of Judaism
Abraham
67
Geographical area of origin of Judaism
Western Palistine
68
Sacred site of Judaism
Western wall
69
Sacred text of Judaism
Torah
70
Famous people of Judaism
Abraham
71
Founder of Buddhism
Buddha
72
Geographical area of origin of Buddhism
India
73
Scred site of Buddhism
Bodhi tree
74
Sacred text of Buddhism
Tripitaka
75
Famous people of Buddhism
Buddha
76
Founder of Islam
Muhammad
77
Geographical area of origin
Egypt and Israel
78
Sacred site of Islam
Makkah
79
Said text of Islam
Quaran
80
Famous people of Islam
Muhammad