EVERYTHING TO KNOW FOR EXAM LOLLLL NIGHT BEFORE REVISION

Question 1

globalisation

Answer 1

the process by which states are becoming more connected through the increasing efficiency of the movement of goods, services, people, and the development of technology.

Question 2

sovereignty

Answer 2

refers to the capacity of a state to exercise effective control of its territory within defined and recognized borders

Question 3

social impacts of globalisation

Answer 3

increases in connections between people of different cultures due to migration

Question 4

economic impacts of globalisation

Answer 4

rapid economic growth in some developing states, however it can also lead to the exploitation of labor

Question 5

political impact of globalisation

Answer 5

expedites the impact of political movements and creates globalised political issues

Question 6

positive impacts of tncs

Answer 6

reducing the rate of unemployment and boosting the economy.

Question 7

negative impacts of tncs

Answer 7

exploitation of workers in developing countries and produces waste to maintain trends, which pollutes the environment

Question 8

impacts of globalisation on states and populations

Answer 8

• economic growth in both developed and developing states, due to vast increases in trade and easy access to cheap labor in developing states
• greater economic inter-dependence which discourages major wars between states.
• environmental issues to many developing states
• cheap labor causes local industries to collapse
• food prices in developing states to rise past an affordable level.

Question 9

define refugee

Answer 9

a person who is forced to seek protection in another state due to fear of persecution as a result of nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, social group or political views

Question 10

define asylum seeker

Answer 10

a person who is forced to seek protection in another country due to fear of persecution as a result of nationality, ethnicity, race, religion, social group or political views, however is yet to have their claim processed and is not legally classified as a refugee.

Question 11

operation sovereign borders

Answer 11

Australia’s border protection policy: turning back all boats approaching Australia and implementing offshore detention, refusing visas to boat arrivals

Question 12

aus refugee intake

Answer 12

limit of 13,750 refugees annually

Question 13

plane arrival policy

Answer 13

allowed to live in the community while their claim is being processed, and then are allowed to resettle once granted refugee status

Question 14

example of right given to refugees by treaty (violated)

2

Answer 14

• protection against unlawful expulsion or detention
• freedom of movement

Question 15

example of obligation on refugee states from treaty (violated)

2

Answer 15

• as far as possible, provide refugees the same rights as citizens of the state
• provide protection for refugees whose claims have been found to be genuine

Question 16

boat arrivals policy

Answer 16

denied resettlement to asylum seekers arriving by boat since July 19th 2013

Question 17

conventions of refugees

Answer 17

1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees and 1967 Optional Protocol on Refugees

Question 18

non-refoulement

Answer 18

no refugee should be returned to a country where they would face persecution

Question 19

australian policies: realism

Answer 19

exercises its right as a sovereign state to control the flow of people in and out of its borders by denying visas and resettlement to asylum seekers who arrive by boat

(states should protect their own national interests above all else.)

Question 20

australian policies: realism

Answer 20

exercises its right as a sovereign state to control the flow of people in and out of its borders by denying visas and resettlement to asylum seekers who arrive by boat

(states should protect their own national interests above all else.)

Question 21

australian policies: cosmopolitanism

Answer 21

greens party claim seeking asylum is a human right and immigration must be non-discriminatory.
imitates the element of Cosmopolitanism that promotes a single, international community.

(all people deserve equal treatment and share a common humanity)

Question 22

australian policies: cosmopolitanism

Answer 22

greens party claim seeking asylum is a human right and immigration must be non-discriminatory.
imitates the element of Cosmopolitanism that promotes a single, international community.

(all people deserve equal treatment and share a common humanity)

Question 23

define terrorism

Answer 23

Terrorism is the act of committing or threatening to commit lethal violence, which aims to achieve a political goal

Question 24

causes of terrorism

Answer 24

motivated by a sense of injustice against either their ethnic/religious/national group.

Question 25

terrorism cause by extreme religious/racial ideologies

Answer 25

‘Islamic State’ group justifies its extreme violence through a distorted interpretation of Islamic beliefs from the Koran
White Supremacists justify terrorism in the name of achieving racial ‘purity’.

Question 26

multilateral responses to terrorism

Answer 26

involve multiple states cooperating to resolve and issue, such as the coordinated airstrike on Iraq and Syria by Iraqi, U.S, French and Australian air forces intended to drive IS out of their occupied territory

Question 27

challenges faced by states in preventing terrorism

Answer 27

• States can’t stop online radicalisation through YouTube and blogs
• airstrikes are mostly ineffective against terrorist groups who are difficult to locate
• balance between laws that protect the security of civilians against terrorist attacks without undermining principles of liberal democracy

Question 28

effectiveness of responses to terrorism

Answer 28

Changing laws can be seen as a win for terrorists. New regulations restrict civil liberties and remove democratic rights. However, can help detain potential terrorists and stop terrorist acts from occurring

Question 29

example of radicalisation online

Answer 29

15 year old boy from nsw in october, 2015, shot dead a civillian worker at a police station after being radicalised online and given a gun

Question 30

example of violation of civil rights (law introduced to combat terrorism)

Answer 30

the Justice Legislation Amendment (Terrorism) Act introduced in Victoria in 2018 which allows for preventative detention of terror suspects for up to 4 days for an adult and 36 hours for a child

Question 31

example of extremist islamist group excluding is

Answer 31

Boko Haram in Nigeria. seeking to establish an Islamic state in Nigeria and end ‘western education’. The group abducted over 200 schoolgirls in April, 2014

Question 32

example of white supremacist terrorism

Answer 32

Anders Brevik in 2011. Brevik enacted a large scale massacre of young members of the Labour Party in Norway, as he blamed the party for the increase in Muslims due to their immigration policies.

Question 33

role of UN in protecting human rights

Answer 33

• provide a platform for states to resolve disputes diplomatically.
• works collaboratively with states to encourage respect for rights and freedoms.
• Further, the UNGA can introduce international laws, which states can sign or ratify.

Question 34

role of NGOs in protecting human rights

Answer 34

• external force to put pressure on states in order to protect human rights.
• Most NGOs provide aid to disadvantaged or persecuted populations,
• used as a platform to protest human rights abuses.

Question 35

example of human rights campaign

Answer 35

oxfam endeavors to advance the rights of First Nations peoples in Australia. divert funds away from policing and towards community programs, health initiatives to reduce life gap

Question 36

UN response to child soldiers

Answer 36

Optional Protocol to the Convention of the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict, which was instigated by the UNGA in 2000. Acts to prevent the use of child soldiers in armed conflict.

Question 37

NGO response to child soldiers

Answer 37

• build resistance to child recruitment in communities,
• reintegrate children who have been demobilized,
• persuade governments and armed groups to end child recruitment.

Question 38

effectiveness of responses to human rights

Answer 38

Successful in pressuring or negotiating the release of child soldiers from both state and non-state groups.
However, there are still 14 states remaining on the UN’s list that are abusing children as soldiers in armed conflict