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Cell Structure And Function > Everything To Do With Cells > Flashcards

Everything To Do With Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Organelle

A

Structures inside of a cell

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2
Q

Cytology

A

The study of a cell

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3
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Selectively Permeable surrounding of a cell

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4
Q

Cytosol

A

The fluid within a cell

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The internal structure of a cell

Cytosol and Organelles

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6
Q

Intracellular Fluid

A

Same as Cytosol

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7
Q

Extra cellular Fluid

A

Found outside of the cell

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8
Q

Interstitial Fluid

A

Between the cells

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9
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of blood

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10
Q

What is the cell membrane composed of?

A

Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates

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11
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

A

Changing form of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates of cell structure

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12
Q

Non-Polar also known as:

A

Lipid-soluble

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13
Q

Diffusion

A

The random movement of dissolved substances along its concentration gradient

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14
Q

Polar is also known as:

A

Water Soluble

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15
Q

True or false:

Polar substances such as charged ions cannot cross the phospholipid bolster

A

True!

They must travel through channels in the membrane proteins

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16
Q

True or false:

Non-polar substances can move across the phospholipid bilayer by a process called diffusion

A

True! Diffusion is the random movement of substances along their concentration gradient

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17
Q

Selectively Permeable

A

Only some stuff can get through the cell membrane! This allows the intracellular fluid to differ from the extra cellular fluid

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18
Q

The nucleus is the site of:

A

Chromatin, Cell Division (chromatin to chromosomes)

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19
Q

Nucleoli is the part of the nucleus that forms:

A

Ribosomes!

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20
Q

Ribosomes are the site of:

A

Protein synthesis! The formation of proteins using genetic information found in DNA

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21
Q

Protein Synthesis in the Rough ER

A

Process by which DNA is broken down to a single strand of mRNA through transcription (so it can move through pores) And then translated to the language of proteins!

22
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

A

Flattened Sacs made of lipid bilayers

23
Q

Rough ER:

A

Ribosomes attach and it makes proteins!

24
Q

Smooth ER:

A

Ribosomes absent! Makes lipids, membranes, detoxifying substances or more substances!

25
Q

Which organ contains many smooth ER?

A

Liver!

26
Q

Golgi Apparatus:

A

Collect, Package, Deliver

27
Q

Mitochondria:

A

Site of aerobic cellular respiration!

28
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Cells generate energy in the form of ATP

29
Q

Where does ATP come from?

A

The breakdown of glucose!

30
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

31
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Complex arrangement of filamentous proteins

32
Q

What is the cytoskeleton involved in?

A

Cell shape and internal movement

33
Q

Give an example of a cytoskeleton protein:

A

Microtubule

34
Q

Centriole

A

Paired, barrel-shaped organelles composed of microtubules

35
Q

What is the function of Centriole?

A

Formation of Cilia and Flagella

36
Q

Two centrioles are involved in the assembly of microtubules to form a __________

A

Spindle Apparatus

37
Q

What is the purpose of a Spindle Apparatus?

A

Movement of chromosomes during cell division

38
Q

Flagella and Cilia

A

Composed of microtubules and are anchored to the cell

39
Q

Flagella

A

Sperm Cell Tail

40
Q

Cilia

A

Can be found in the apical surface of epithelial cells–lining the respiratory tract

41
Q

What is the function of Cilia?

A

Sweep mucus trapped particles away from the lungs

42
Q

What is Cell Division?

A

Cells divide to produce more cells

43
Q

What is Mitosis?

A

One cell divides into two identical daughter cells with the exact same DNA and number of chromosomes

44
Q

Where in the body does mitosis occur?

A

Stem Cells; important for growth of bones in children, hair and tissue repair

45
Q

What is meiosis?

A

FUSION of gametes to restore number of chromosomes

46
Q

Where does Meiosis occur?

A

ONLY IN THE GONADS!

47
Q

What is Cellular Respiration ?

A

Process of converting food energy to usable form for cellular activities

48
Q

What type of cellular activities does cellular Respiration promote?

A

Transport, growth and chemical reactions

49
Q

What are the two types of Cellular Respiration?

A
  1. ) Aerobic Cellular Respiration

2. ) Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

50
Q

What is Anaerobic Cellular Respiration?

A

2 molecules of ATP produced per glucose (inefficient)

51
Q

What is Aerobic Cellular Respiration?

A

Oxygen Requiring: Produces 36 molecules of ATP per glucose

Cell Structure And Function (1 decks)

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