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Everything LOL Flashcards

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1
Q

Democracy

A

“Rule of the people”- It is significant because the people have a say in the changes that are made.

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2
Q

Direct Democracy

A

A form of government in which citizens rule and and make laws directly rather than through representatives

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3
Q

John Locke and Natural Rights

A

Believed that a government’s power comes from the People, not God

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4
Q

Monarchy

A

A single Person rules in a government

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5
Q

Rome’s Influence on Government and Democracy

A

Rome gave the world the idea of a Republic. It adopted from the greeks that an individual is a citizen in the state not a subject of a ruler

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6
Q

England’s Bill of Rights

A

Forbid monarch to suspend laws, Prevented monarch from taxing without consent from parliament, and prevented them from raising an army without consent

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7
Q

Renaissance

A

Rebirth of a culture after Middle ages; a revival of classic thought

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8
Q

Renaissance Man and Leonardo Di Vinci

A

A well rounded man

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9
Q

Gutenberg and the Printing press and its importance

A

Made for an explosion of publishing, increased literacy, and the bible was the first published book

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10
Q

Indulgences

A

Where the church sold pardons for their sins so that way they can buy their way to heaven

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11
Q

Divine Right

A

God Chooses the kinds- justifies absolute rule

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12
Q

Absolute rule/ Absolutism

A

Power held in one person- no help from any other part of the nation or government

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13
Q

Louis XIV

A

The absolute ruler of France, Claimes “I am the state”, Built the Palace of Versailles

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14
Q

Peter the Great

A

Wanted to Modernize and westernize Russia, Raised the status of women in Russia, made nobles cut their beard and wear western fashion

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15
Q

Causes of absolute rule in Eastern Europe

A

To manage large bureaucracies, more nobility more possible threats to power

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16
Q

Reasons for the 30 Years War

A

About religion and territory, a power struggle between ruling families in Europe

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17
Q

Restoration in England

A

Where the English parliament restored the monarchy to the throne

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18
Q

Copernicus and the Heliocentric theory

A

Polish astronomer who proposed that the sun is the center of the solar system and the universe

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19
Q

Issac Newton

A

English scientist who explained the law of universal gravitation

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20
Q

Who influenced the U.S Bill of Rights?

A

Voltaire (1st amendment), John Locke (Life, Liberty Property), JJ Rousseau (Social Contract)

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21
Q

Enlightenment Ideas

A

Spread throughout Europe and colonial America- Provided belief in progress; more secular outlook

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22
Q

Magna Carta

A

The great charter- signed by King John- made him answerable to parliament to raise taxes

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23
Q

Glorious Revolution

A

Where the English government became controlled by the English parliament to raise taxes

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24
Q

Enlightenment influence on the U.S Declaration of Independence

A

Put enlightenment ideas into practice, changed people’s ideas of government

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25
Q

Effects of the scientific revolution

A

Helped improve scientific instruments and improved medicine

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26
Q

July 14, 1789

A

Bastille Day- the storming of Bastille when they defended city against mobsters who attacked the prison for gunpowder

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27
Q

Bourgeoisie

A

The privileged working members of the third estate

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28
Q

The French Tax system prior to the revolution

A

The third estate 97% of population paid taxes

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29
Q

Reign of Terror

A

Maximillian Robespierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figured and ordinary citizens were executed

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30
Q

Plebiscite

A

Direct vote in which a country’s people have the opportunity to to approve or reject a proposal

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31
Q

How did Czar Alexander 1 defeat Napoleon in Russia?

A

He used the scorched earth policy- they burned their supplies and food forcing them to surrender

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32
Q

Congress of Vienna

A

A series of meetings in Vienna that were called to set up policies to achieve the goal for the new European Order

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33
Q

National Assembly

A

Established by the tennis court oath-lost support when they abolished the church

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34
Q

Jose de San Martin

A

Was a creole military officer who liberated parts of spanish speaking South America

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35
Q

Creoles

A

Spanards born in Latin America- ones who led independence movement in L.A

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36
Q

Toussaint L’Overture

A

A former black slave who led a revolt in Saint Dominique leading to the independence of Haiti

37
Q

Nationalism

A

Tore apart century old empires, was opposed by conservatives, gave rise to nation states

38
Q

Romanticism

A

A glorification of heroes and heroic action-shows value of common people, lobe and natured untamed beauty

39
Q

How were Romanticism and Nationalism similar?

A

Both emphasized cultural pride and national heroes

40
Q

Mary Shelley

A

Wrote a romance novel called Frankenstein

41
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Increased output of machine made goods that began in England in the 18th century. Replaced human and animas with machine power

42
Q

Main cause of urbanization

A

Industrialization

43
Q

British actions to keep industrial secrets

A

Didn’t allow engineers, mechanics, and tool makers to leave the country

44
Q

Effects of the Industrial Revolution on cities

A

City population growth faster than housing supply
Dirty, Unsanitary cities
Increased Crime

45
Q

First industry to undergo industrialization

A

Textiles

46
Q

Impact of steam engine

A

Work more efficiently, carry materials through English lands, began railway age

47
Q

Key idea of the free-market system

A

Government should refuse to interfere with domestic or international economic affairs

48
Q

Lassiez-Faire economics and its influence

A

Free market economy governed by natural laws not government regulations

49
Q

Wealth of Nations

A

Written by Adam Smith- defended the free market system

50
Q

Entrepreneur

A

Business person; idea guy, manager

51
Q

Positive aspects of industrialization

A

Increase of cheap goods, abundance of jobs, cash wages, transportation and tech boom, better health and communication, longer life span

52
Q

Negative effects of the early industrial revolution

A

Early exploitation, early cities horrible, pollution, break up of nuclear family, resource depletion

53
Q

Effects of industrial on relationships between industrialized and non industrialized nations

A

Reason Behind imperialism, weakened economic ties between nations, industrialized nations exploited colonies for slaves

54
Q

Long term effects of the Communist Manifesto

A

Inspired revolutionaries such as lenin of russia

55
Q

Karl Marx

A

Said that capitalism would cease to exist, property would cease to exist, and would be replaced by dictatorship of proletariat

56
Q

British economy effect on industrialization

A

It was positive because climate of progress and good banking system (lots of loans)

57
Q

Relationship between socialism and communism

A

Socialism and communism are closely related and socialism is the basis for a communist society

58
Q

19th century collective bargaining

A

Employee vs employer

59
Q

Dominion

A

A country that was domestically self-sufficient but still part of the British empire

60
Q

Reasons for Britain setting up penal colony in Australia

A

Relieve overcrowding in English prisons

61
Q

Irish emigrants during the great famine went to…

A

Most went to the US

62
Q

Henry Ford: Assembly line

A

American inventor and industrialists introduced the assembly line

63
Q

Charles Darwin: Theory of evolution

A

Came up with theory of evolution, published the origin of the species

64
Q

Emmeline Pankhurst

A

She was a womens rights advocate who formed the WSPU

65
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

Developed the process of pasteurization of liquids, the germ theory of disease, and discovered/ named bacteria

66
Q

Women’s fight for suffrage

A

Many women protested and got arrested, some went on hunger strikes, and they didn’t get to vote until after WW!

67
Q

Pogroms

A

Violence against jews

68
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Discovered conditioned response

69
Q

Marie Curie

A

Discovered radiation

70
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Discovered Psychoanalysis

71
Q

Paternalism

A

A form of imperialism in which the imperialist watches over and takes care of the colony

72
Q

Menelik II

A

Ruler of Ethiopia- took advantage of European Rivalries, Built a large army, and kept Ethiopia independent

73
Q

African Boundaries after the Berlin Conference

A

Random

74
Q

Berline Conference (1884-1885)

A

Europeans gathered to divide Africa up into colonies. They decided not to fight over africa, had effective occupation, and didn’t include any African leaders

75
Q

Raj: When Where What?

A

A period of time when the British government controlled India

76
Q

Causes of Sepoy Mutiny

A

A rebellion in India against British imperialism

77
Q

King Mongkut

A

Modernized Siam so they didn’t become victim to imperialism

78
Q

Emilio Aguinaldo

A

A Filipino leader who fought for independence and failed in the Philippines

79
Q

Boer War

A

A fight between the Boers and British over South Africa

80
Q

Queen Liliuokalani

A

The last queen of Hawaii. Tried to fight U.S power and failed

81
Q

Nigeria

A

Britain ruled as a colony and was a prime example of combining diverse cultures and rival groups

82
Q

Imperialism Assimilation

A

The plan is through “direct control” to assimilate the culture and the people of occupied country into occupiers

83
Q

India: Jewel of the crown

A

Name for India because it was the most valuable of British colonies

84
Q

Reasons for inadequate food supplies in Africa during colonization

A

Because Europeans insisted on growing cash crops rather than food crops

85
Q

Open Door Policy

A

The policy of admitting people of all nationalities of ethnic groups to a country upon equal terms as for immigration

86
Q

Reasons for British selling opium to China

A

To improve the balance of trade between Britain and China

87
Q

Similarities between the Opium and Boxer War

A

There was a resentment of foreigners in both wars/ rebellions

88
Q

Why was the mexican revolution fought?

A

The main reason was to overthrow the ruling dictator in Mexico

89
Q

Who was Pancho Villa?

A

Mexican revolutionary who robbed from the rich and gave to the poor

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