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GTE > Everything GTE > Flashcards

Everything GTE Flashcards

1
Q

Define potential energy

A

Engery stored due to postion or form

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2
Q

Conservation of energy

A

Energy can neither be destroyed or created. It can only change forms

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3
Q

Define work

A

Force applied to an object proportional to the distance it travels
W=FxD

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4
Q

What is work measured in

A

Joules

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5
Q

Define power

A

Force x distance over time

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6
Q

Measurement of relation between heat and work….

A

Is British thermal unit (BTU).

1 BTU = 778ftib

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7
Q

3 ways to transfer heat

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation

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8
Q

How heat transfer by conduction

A

Through physical contact between two objects

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9
Q

Define convection

A

Heat transfered by movement of heated fluid

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10
Q

Define radition

A

Heat transfer through waves, only way to heat without presence of matter

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11
Q

Define Boyles law

A

Temp constant, as volume of vessel increases pressure decreases

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12
Q

Define Charles law

A

With pressure constant, as temp increases the volume of fluid increases

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13
Q

Outline newton’s 3rd law

A

Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

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14
Q

Outline Brayton cycle

A

Open and continuous.

Has intake, compression, combustion and exhaust all simultaneously

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15
Q

Types of turbine engines

A

Turbojet
Turbofan
Turboshaft
Turboprop

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16
Q

How does temperature effect thrust

A

The more dense the air the more thrust an engine can produce (cooler temps)
As temp increases thrust decreases

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17
Q

How does altitude effect thrust

A

As altitude increases air pressure drops and less thrust is generated

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18
Q

How engine speed effect thrust

A

At high engine speeds small increases in speed produces a large increase in thrust

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19
Q

How fan efficiency effect thrust

A

How much fuel is burned by efficiency of fan. As turbofan is more fuel efficient than turbojet that is producing same thrust

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20
Q

Outline turboprop

A

Engine delivers power to a propeller via reduction gearbox. This is necessary to reach optimum propeller performance

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21
Q

Outline turboshaft

A

Almost all energy/power generated by engine is extracted to spin shaft. As rotorcraft don’t need produce thrust.

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22
Q

Outline turbofan

A

Turbofans consists of a multibladed ducted propeller which is a compromise between turboprop and turbojet. Has turbojet cruise capability yet takes efficiency and short take of standards of a turboprop

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23
Q

3 main turbofans

A

Low bypass 1:1
Medium bypass 2:1-3:1
Highbypass 4:1-9:1

Ultralight bypass 9:1-30:1

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24
Q

Outline purpose of air intake/inlet

A

Designed to recover as much of total pressure from the free airstream as possible, (ram recovery)

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25
Q

Shape are subsonic inlets typically

A

Divergent

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26
Q

Outline a compressor

A

A device that raises the pressure of a working fluid passing through it

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27
Q

Function of compressor

A

Induce and compressor mass airflow to high pressure for efficient combustion and to deliver it to the combustion section

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28
Q

Shape of compressor

A

Convergent duct

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29
Q

Types of compressor (3)

A

Axial
Centrifugal
Combination

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30
Q

Centrifugal main parts (3)

A

Impeller
Diffuser
Mainfold

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31
Q

Axial compressor stage

A

Rotors and stators

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32
Q

Types of turbine blades

A

Impulse
Reaction
Impulse-reaction

33
Q

Outline a shroud in relation to compressors

A

Long fan blades are supported by a midspan shroud, which makes them more resistant to bending forces

34
Q

Purpose of mutlispool compressors

A

Less load for starting

Can spin at optimal rate individually

35
Q

What causes compressor stall

A

Angle of attack in result of inlet air velocity and compressors rotational velocity.
To overcome compressor stall is to reduce AoA by the use of variable inlet guide vanes

36
Q

Highest pressure in an engine

A

At diffuser

37
Q

Types of combustion chambers [4]

A

Can annular
Annular
Multican
Reversal

38
Q

Outline airflow through combustion chamber

A

Primary air 25-35% used for combustion

Secondary air is used for cooling and shaping of flame

39
Q

Methods of attachment of blades

A

Fir tree root (Most common)
Dove tail
Pin joint
Blisk (blades and disk are one single solid piece)

40
Q

Advantages of multispool engines

A

Smaller starting requirements
Faster acceleration
More efficient at higher altitudes

41
Q

Causes of compression stall [6]

A
  • excessive fuel flow
  • op above or below designed rpm parameters
  • damaged compressor components
  • turbulent airflow
  • damaged turbine
  • excessive lean fuel/air mixture
42
Q

Compressor cleaning methods[2]

A

Fluid wash

Abrasive grit blast

43
Q

Combustion chamber purpose

A

Adds energy to gasses, expanding and accelerating them, delivering it to the turbine section

44
Q

Diffuser section bleed air purposes [5]

A 
Engine cooling
Bearing seal pressuisation
Engine anti icing
Customer services (cabin environmental)
Pneumatic starting
45
Q

Outline combustion chamber drains

A

Used to drain excess fuel on start up and shutdown to prevent hot starts

46
Q

In

A
47
Q

Purpose of interconnectors

A

Allows flames to spread around all cans during start up

48
Q

Types of turbine coupling

A

Gas coupling

Mechanical coupling

49
Q

What type of fitment do turbine blades have and why

A

Loose, thermal expansion and stop warping

50
Q

Define Impulse blades

A

Bucket shape, change direction of airflow and change no change in Gas velocity or pressure

51
Q

Outline reaction turbine blades

A

Produce a turning force from aerodynamic action from their aerofoil shape

52
Q

Define convection cooling

A

When blades are hollow and have holes in them allows bleed air to create a film around blade of cool air for cooling

53
Q

Define transpiration cooling

A

Nozzle guide vanes have a porus material that air seeps through. Only on guide vanes!

54
Q

Open vs shrouded turbine

A

Open used on high speed turbines

Shrouded used on slow speed turbines

55
Q

Purpose of exhaust nozzle

A

Provide exhuast with extra boost in velocity. Converging duct

56
Q

Cooling bearings

A
57
Q

3 forms of fatigue

A

High cycle fatigue
Thermal fatigue
Low cycle fatigue

58
Q

Outline Drive train systems

A

Reduce speed
Increase torque
Provide drive for accessories

59
Q

Safety devices for rotary drive train

A

Sprag clutch/decoupling device

Rotor brake

60
Q

Outline stuff on accessory gearbox

A 
Starter motor
Fuel pump
Oil pump
Fcu
Generators
Tachometer geny
61
Q

Function of accessory gearbox

A

Provide mounting faces and means of drive for components that:
Start
Sustain
Monitor

62
Q

Outline turbo jet noise supressors

A

Corrugated internal mixer
Lobe type nozzle

Changea exhaust pattern to reduce noise level

63
Q

Noise come from in turbo fan

A

Fan itself.

Turbojets have noise from exhaust

64
Q

Define modular engine maintenance

A

Assy that is fully interchangeable and readily replaceable, without additional balancing or adjustment

65
Q

Types of alignment in relation to modular

A 
Curriculum coupling
Splined drive
Serrated drive
Keys & keyway
Offset bolt holes
Dowels
Witness marks
66
Q

3 reasons for post maintenance activites

A

Prevent corrosion
Control deterioration
Eliminate physical damage

67
Q

5 things for acceptance check

A 
Confirmation of basic mod state
Conformity of original order
Life remaining
Correct form fit and function
Inspect for damage
68
Q

Purpose of fuel system

A

To supply a precise amount of clean, vapor free fuel to the combustion section of the engine
At correct pressure and temp for atomization and vaporization

69
Q

8 fuel system components

A 
Lp pump
Fuel cooling oil cooling
Fuel heater (bleed air)
Lp filter
Hp pump
Hp filter
Fcu
PnD valve
70
Q

3 types of fuel metering

A

Hydromechanical
Hydropneumatic
Electronic (FADEC)

71
Q

Hydromechanical FCU does

A

Fuel metering

Computing

72
Q

Fcu parameters

A

Power lever position
Engine speed
Compressor inlet temp and pressure
Bruenr discharge pressur

73
Q

2 types of fuel nozzle

A

Atomizer

Vaporizer

74
Q

2 types of atomizer nozzle

A

Simplex (single flow)

Duplex(double flow)

75
Q

Vaporizer nozzle does

A

Mix air and fuel. The heated air vaporises fuel

76
Q

Prevention of icing

A

Hot air
Electrical heating
Hot oil

77
Q

Types of starters [5]

A 
Air impingement
Air starter
Gas turbine starter
Cartridge
Electric
78
Q

Lethal warnings with starting

A

Heiu contain lethal charge and must be dissipated before maintenance

Read and comply with SS&Rps

GTE (5 decks)

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