Everything

Question 1

Constitution

Answer 1

Set of codes and regulations that sets clear roles and power, establishes rights, and sets how organisations work.

Question 2

Separation of Powers

Answer 2

Thwarts dictatorship by splitting executive (government), legislative (Parliament), and judiciary (Highest court) powers.

Question 3

Sovereignty of Parliament

Answer 3

Can make laws on any subject, cannot bind its successors, unquestionable validity.

Question 4

Rule of Law

Answer 4

No one is above the law, and breaches must be punished.

Question 5

Sources of law

Answer 5

Legal: statute, precedent, common law, EU law. Non legal: conventions, cabinet manual, treatises.

Question 6

Royal political prerogative powers

Answer 6

Appoints Pm, appoints ministers, summons dissolves parliament, royal assent, opens parliament.

Question 7

Judicial prerogative powers

Answer 7

Prosecutions done in her name, head of judiciary, appoints judges, royal pardons.

Question 8

Other prerogative powers

Answer 8

Head of armed forces, declares war, relations and visits to other countries, head of church of England.

Question 9

Monarchy funding`

Answer 9

Sovereign grant: living costs. Privy purse: private income.

Question 10

Devolution

Answer 10

The giving of powers from UK parliament to Scotland (Scottish Parliament), Northern Ireland (Northern Ireland Assembly), Wales (Welsh Assembly), and London (Greater London Authority (and 32 London Boroughs)) Has law making powers everywhere except: defence, foreign affairs, taxation, economic management, constitution, social security, company regulation.

Question 11

Parliament

Answer 11

650 members, 120 ministers, 22 cabinet members, 1 PM at the top.

Question 12

House of Lords

Answer 12

Unelected house made of hereditary peers, PM appointed life peers, and spiritual peers. Can delay legislation by a year, can debate government decisions, specialist committees. Mass call for reform or scrapping.

Question 13

Bill Making

Answer 13

House of Commons: First reading, second reading, committee stage, third reading. Then House of Lords: same process. Then Royal assent

Question 14

Backbencher MP

Answer 14

Non cabinet MP. Represents constituents, party interests, conscience votes, does legislature and scrutiny (committees).

Question 15

First past the post

Answer 15

Vote for one candidate. Most votes wins. Cons; wouldn’t need majority, unrepresentative. Pros; strong and simple results

Question 16

Alternative Vote

Answer 16

Rank the candidates. Anyone with over 50% wins. If no one wins, redistribute the points getting rid of fewest first choice votes etc.

Question 17

Electoral Commission

Answer 17

Sets the financial limit on spending

Question 18

Two tier local government

Answer 18

County Council presides over the whole county with smaller district councils. Two tiers separately elected and not linked.

Question 19

Unitary single tier government

Answer 19

Single authority carries out most local government functions. Usually found in urban areas.

Question 20

Hybrid tier model

Answer 20

Two tier covers most of the county with some areas (usually urban) in single tier

Question 21

Councillors

Answer 21

Elected part time representatives. Allowed expenses and allowances for basic allowance, special responsibility, childcare or dependents, subsistence and travel.

Question 22

Council Officers

Answer 22

Not elected experts that head departments

Question 23

Council Revenue

Answer 23

Short term expenditure. Running costs and wages etc

Question 24

Council Capital

Answer 24

Long term spending. Durable assets e.g bricks

Question 25

Council tax

Answer 25

Domestic property tax. Based on two adults living in a property, and worth of the property (split into bands. A is cheapest. If only one adult then 25% off.

Question 26

Non-domestic property tax`

Answer 26

Paid on premises that aren't domestic by owner or occupier. Religious places exempt.

Question 27

Private finance initiatives

Answer 27

Private company borrows money and builds something, maintains it, charges council rent to use it. No upfront cost but can work out more expensive.

Question 28

CCG

Answer 28

Clinical commissioning groups. Comes under the NHS commissioning board and are small groups that organise the delivery of the NHS.

Question 29

CQC

Answer 29

Care quality commission. Independent body with the aim of improving the NHS and acting as a watchdog. Investigates serious failures.

Question 30

Planning application process

Answer 30

Applicant submits detailed plan with a fee. Application appears on public register, open to public. Neighbours are informed so they can make oppositions or support to the application. Council decides - Can give unconditional, conditional, or refused permission.