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Rodents Rabbits Ferrets > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

1
Q

preventative medicine for rodents

A

no vax

husbandry and nutrition

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2
Q

main nursing care/critical care when rodents gets sick

A

syringe feeding (with a processed hay)

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3
Q

common husbandry errors in rodents

A

over feeding (fruits/veggies/other carbs)
inappropriate food
lack of water (clogged or nasty bottles)

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4
Q

renal disease is common in Geriatric rodents. Which are common in which species?

A

rats - chronic progressive nephrosis
hamster - renal amyloidosis
gerbils - chronic interstitial nephritis

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5
Q

Common GI pathogen in rodents

A

salmonella (can harbor subclinically and pass zoonotically)

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6
Q

Tyzzers disease

A

not common anymore, boards question, caused by clostridium piliforme diarrhea

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7
Q

Antibiotic associated enteritits in rodents

A

iatrogenic, common

some rodents get direct toxicity, exc. aminoglycosides cause neuromuscular blockade

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8
Q

species sensitivity to antibiotics (abx associated enteritis)

A 
most ^
hamster, guinipig
rabbit
horse
rat, human
cow, cat, dog 
Least ^
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9
Q

abx least likely to cause abx associated enteritis

A 
aminoglycosides
chloramphenicol
fluoroquin
metronidazole
TMS
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10
Q

parasites

A

they occur, worth doing a fecal, treat like dogs/cats…

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11
Q

tail necrosis

A

humidity associated tail restriction (more common in lab med)
tx. amputate

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12
Q

barbering

A

overcrowding in rodents, the loser is bullies and chewed on

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13
Q

pododermatitis in rodents

A

due to dirty bedding

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14
Q

ringworm in rodents

A

Trichophyton

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15
Q

Chromodacryorrhea

A

tearing red eyes, caused by stress, mycoplasma pneumonia or other diseases

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16
Q

chronic lung disease in rats

A

mycoplasma pulmonis, common in rats

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17
Q

rat neoplasia

A

mammary gland fibroadenoma

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18
Q

the hamster pouch

A

is immunologically priveledged

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19
Q

wet tail

A

lawsonia intracellularis

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20
Q

gerbils with facial dermatitis

A

‘sore nose’, caused by staph.

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21
Q

scent gland abscess or neoplasia

A

in gerbils, ventral abdomen inflamed

various bacteria/carcinoma

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22
Q

seizures in gerbils

A

genetic, ok if once in a while, keep calm.

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23
Q

tail slip

A

degloving, caused by grabing distal tail

tx. amputation

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24
Q

guini pigs get bordatella bronchiseptical and bacterial pneumonias. Why do they die?

A

if housed with rabbits (if on boards…)

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25
Q

most common disease in guini pigs and its presentation

why are they predisposed

A
  • scurvy
  • periodontal bleeding, lameness(bleeding into joints)
  • tx. vitamin C
  • lack L -gulono y lactone oxidase
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26
Q

3 species that require vitamine C

A

humans
primates
guinipigs

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27
Q

ecalmpsia and ketosis occur due to

A

hypocalcemia or anorexia pre-parturition

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28
Q

why do guinni pigs get dystocia

- how to avoid?

A

fusion of pelvic symphysis

- breed early

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29
Q

guinni pigs renal disease

- clinical sign?

A

chronic interstitial nephritis
- pupd
end of life disease, poor prognosis

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30
Q

sand baths

A

chinchillas, degus and ???

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31
Q

chinchilla diet

A

grass hay

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32
Q

environmental concern with chinchillas

A

heatstroke with prolonged exposure above 80 degrees. common in FL.
- dyspnea, lethargy, diarrhea

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33
Q

slobbers in chinchillas

A

genetic, common
hypersalivation, dropping food
tx- trim teeth

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34
Q

protozoal enteritis in chinchillas

A

giardia

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35
Q

listeria

A

chinchillas

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36
Q

visceral larval migrans

A

balisascaris in chinchillas

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37
Q

degus

A

grass hay

avoid sweet foods! they get diabetes

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38
Q

diabetes in degus

A

genetic, cytomegalovirus

  • amyloidosis, novel insulin protein
    tx: diet +/- insulin
39
Q

hepatic lipidosis in degus

A

secondary to diabetes, common

tx: diet

40
Q

prarie dog diet

A

grass hay, limited rabbit pellets, supplement with veggie, fruit, seeds

41
Q

prairie dog derm

A

seasonal alopecia

42
Q

infectious disease in prairie dogs

A

plague (yersinia)

43
Q

oral disease in prairie dogs

A

odontomas

teeth growing improperly due to maloclusion,

44
Q

sugar glider anatomy

A

bifurcated penis

  • omnivores: mixed fruit/veggie, insects, cat food, other supplements
  • in wild - sap of trees (hard to replicate)
45
Q

metabolic disease in sugar gliders

A

metabolic bone disease (bc we don’t do their diet well)
ADR, ataxia, fracture deformities
probably due to hypocalcemia

46
Q

diseases of sugar gliders

A

salmonella, lymphoma, avian tuberculosis possibly

47
Q

common hedgehog husbandry problems

A

metabolic bone disease
trauma
obesity
overgrown nails

48
Q

pneumonia in hedgehogs

A

bordatella
pasteruella
lungworms (European species)

49
Q

GI disease in hedgehogs

A

salmonella
coccidia
dental disease

50
Q

derm disease

A 
caparina Mange 
SUPER super common
also get sarcoptes, demodex
dx- skin scrap
CS: crusting, flaking, loss of spines
tx: ivermectin many times
51
Q

Ringworm in hedgehogs

A

Also tricophyton

more in european breeds

52
Q

tumor factories

A

ferrets and hedgehogs

53
Q

neuro disease in hedgehogs

A

wobbly hedgehog syndrome

demyelinating paralysis

54
Q

spaying a rabbit risk?

A

high anesthetic risk and complications (compared with dog)

55
Q

whats right under peritoneum for midline incision in rabbits?

A

cecum

56
Q

how to molars grind - rabbit?

A

lateral to medial

57
Q

how pelleted food affected rabbit mastication?

A

uses edges of molars to crack the hard pellet, vs. normal mastication for leavy food.
results in pointed medial aspect of lower molar and lateral upper molar.

58
Q

feel for bumps on lower jaw to see if rabbit ___?

A

has overgrown teeth and molars are growing down into bone.

59
Q

incisor malocclusion

inherited mandibular prognathism

A

needs constant treatment

  1. trimming q2-4 weeks
  2. teach O to trim
  3. expensive extraction
60
Q

hedgehog oral disease

A

periodontal disease or oral squamous cell carcinoma that looks like dental disease

61
Q

Do Sugar gliders teeth need to be trimmed?

A

NO! only rodents and rabbits

62
Q

which species keeps rocky mountain spotted fever in environment?

A

rodents

63
Q

bite and scratch wounds

A

pasteurella infection

64
Q

Anesthetic equiptment

A

iso
nonrebreathing system
masks and induction boes
small ET tubes

65
Q
  • When are ferrets spayed, neutered, and descented at marshall farms
  • and vax?
  • anything else?
A
  • 6 weeks
  • once for distemper
  • tattooed ears
66
Q

ferret glands?

A

anal glands expressed when alarmed
but sebaceous glands make most of the smell.
no sweat glands

67
Q

unbred female ferrets

A

become anemic

estrous toxicity

68
Q

ferret basic husbandry

A

multi-level wire cage
can keep in groups
not loose in house
ferret or cat food

69
Q

ferret life span

A

6-12 yrs

70
Q

ferret distemper vax

- when to give it?

A

recombinant FERRET purevax
DOG MODIFIED LIVE CAN BE VIRULENT ENOUGH TO GIVE FERRETS DISTEMPER
- 1st dose 12-16 weeks

71
Q

vax reactions

A

common in ferrets

72
Q

ferret PCV decreases with _____.

A

isoflurane

73
Q

ferret blood groups

- transfusions?

A

dont exist

1-3 unmatched transfusions is safe

74
Q

ferrets have really big _____(organ)____?

A

spleens

75
Q

signs of abdominal pain in ferrets?

A

bruxism (grinding teeth)

76
Q

how do FBs present in ferrets?

A

chronic, slowly progressive.

lethargy, weight loss

77
Q

GI disease in ferrets caused by lawsonia intracellularis?

and clinical signs?

A

proliferative bowel disease

  • diarrhea, thick gi,
  • *rectal prolapse, tenesmus
78
Q

green slime disease

- which pathogen?

A

epizootic catarrhal enteritis
- coronavirus
adults only and
green mucoid stool

79
Q

treatments for gi ds in ferrets?

A

helicobacter - triple abx
IBD - pred, azithioprine, hypoallergenic diet
Prolif bowel - chloramphenicol
Eos GE - pred, ivermectin

80
Q

helicobacter distinguishing features in ferrets?

A

dark tarry stool

81
Q

Eosinophilic GE in ferrets

A

look for peripheral eosinophils

82
Q

ferrets are very susceptiple to which virus?

A

influenza

- self limited ds

83
Q

Aleutian mink ds

A

ferret parvo, usually subclinical

inc. gamma globulins (>20% of TP) (immune complex deposition)

84
Q

ferret neoplasia

A
  • lymphoma (lymphoblastic - visceral, <1yr; and lymphocytic - big nodes, >2yr)
  • MCT
  • sebaceous epithelioma
  • Chordoma
85
Q

Disseminated idiopathic myofasciitis

A

1-2 yrs old

  • fever, pain
  • leukocytosis
  • after vaccination?
  • atrophy, white streaks in muscle….
86
Q

Hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets

A

zona reticularis - sex steroids, usually hyperplasia

  • rare metastasis, locally invasive and recurrence
  • 3-4 yrs after spay/neuter
  • alopecia, pruritis, swollen vulva
87
Q

pathogenesis of hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets?

A

LH acts on adrenal which become hyperplastic, no negative feedback to cause hypothalamus to stop releasing GnRH

88
Q

lab data in hyperadrenocorticism ferrets?

A

normal, only sex steroid precursors elevated

89
Q

best way to diagnose hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets?

A

U/S

ACTH and urine cortisol are not specific

90
Q

management for hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets

A
  • deslorin acetate implant (doesn’t cure, and recurrence is still common)
  • leuprolide acetate (Depolupron) a synthetic GnRH
91
Q

insulinoma common in?

CS?

A

> 3 yr old

  • weakness, neuro signs, ataxia, immediate response to glucose treatment (karo)
  • glucose <60 mg/dl, insulin >250
92
Q

ferret estrus cycle

A

seasonally polyestrous;

mating causes ovulation within 30-40 hrs

93
Q

signs of estrogen toxicity

A

swollen vulva
weakness, anorexia
bilateral symmetrical alopecia
pale MM - anemia

94
Q

ovarian remnant also presents like?

A

hyperestrogenism (estrogen toxicity) and hyperadrenocorticism

Rodents Rabbits Ferrets (1 decks)

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