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TL- Portugal > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

1
Q

Red Reserva Dao

A

2 years

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2
Q

Ruby Reserve- AKA Premuim Ruby

A

Replaced the term “vintage character”

Basically the next level up from straight ruby

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3
Q

What is the most oxidative style of port

A

Tawny

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4
Q

What are the four major port styles

A

Ruby (inc. Vintage LBV, Crusted & singla Quinta)
Tawny (Barrel aged) (incl Colheita, 10yr, 20yr, 30yr, etc.)
White
Rose

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5
Q

What is White- 67% Muscatel de Setabul

A

White moscat de alexandria

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6
Q

What is the capital of Maderia

A

Funchal

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7
Q

Ruby port includes what sub catagories

A

Vintage, LBV, Crusted

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8
Q

Tawny Port

A

are simply lighter styles due to provenance of grapes, less thourough extraction and the addition of white port. Lesser vineyards and vintages contribute to these wines; Displays more coffee, dried fruit and nuts. It displays a lighter color from aging in wood and is historically aged in Vila Nova de Gaia (although no longer mandatory since 1986). Does NOT improve with bottle age

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9
Q

Madeira made be prduced where?

A

Madeira itself or neighboring Porto Santo

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10
Q

What is the main grape of Palmela?

A

Castelao (min 66.7%) is required

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11
Q

What is COlheita port?

A

Tawny port from a single vintage

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12
Q

What reserve port must age for how long?

A

7 years

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13
Q

What is Vinho abafado

A

Partially fermented must preserved with alcohol common in Carcavelos

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14
Q

Vintage port has what two subcatagoris

A

Crusted (a blend of more than one vintage)

Single Quinta (Vintage port that comes form a single estate vineyard)

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15
Q

Wines labeled Bairrada Classico wines must have what?

A

Min 12.5 % alc vs. 11% required by DOP

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16
Q

Pico DOP produces what?

A

Fortified white wines of the Acores Islands, highest vineyards in Portugal

Agin min 3 years

Min alc 16%

Verdelho, arenito and Terrantez are authorizes

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17
Q

Madeira without a variety on the label is usually a product of what grape?

A

Tinta Negra (Not legally allowed to be labeled)

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18
Q

LBV port is usually ged for how long

A

4-6 years

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19
Q

What is the preferred soil type for port?

A

Schist

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20
Q

what percentage of a given grape must be present if labeled varitelaly for Vinhos Liqcoroso

A

85%

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21
Q

Reserver Tawny

A

Aged at least 7 years prior to bottling
A blend of several cintages
Does not improve with bottle age

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22
Q

Vintage Port

A

Most expensive style of all port
Vintages are only declared in exceptional vintages (1-3x a decade)
Must be authorized by the IVDP
Aged in cask until July 30th of the 4rd yeaer following harvest
Back to back or “plit vintages” are eextremely rare

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23
Q

Red Nobre Reserva

A

42 months min

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24
Q

4 Noble white grapes of Madeira?

A

Serial (Esgana Cao)
Verdelho (Gouveio)
Boal (Malvasia Fina)
Malmsey (Malvasia Candida)

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25
Q

White Nobre Reserva

A

12 Months Min

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26
Q

Vintage port must be what?

A

From a single vintage and aged 2-3 years in barrel

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27
Q

What is produced in Bairrada?

A

Red (baga) mostly but also white and rose

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28
Q

Bairrada min % for red grapes

A

Must be min 50% baga

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29
Q

What styles of wine are permitted in Palmerla

A

Red (min 66.7% Castelao)

White (Arinto)

Rosado

Espumante

Licoroso

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30
Q

What supplemental grapes may be added in some parts of the DAO

A

CS, Semillion, but may never make up more than 40% of a blend

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31
Q

What is Estagio?

A

90 days rest after the wine is heated before it goes to barrel

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32
Q

What are the 3 subzones of the Duero from West to East?

A

Baixo Corgo
Cima COrgo
Duero Superior

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33
Q

Where is Baga most common

A

Bairrada

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34
Q

If Madeira is a vintage blend with variety what must that variety constitute?

A

100%

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35
Q

What are Franquiras wines?

A

Mande buy the Canteiro process, these are the best wines with a min of 20 years in barrel

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36
Q

Red Nobre Garrafeira

A

min 48 months with 18 in bottle

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37
Q

White Nobre Garrafiera

A

min 18mnths with 9 in bottle

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38
Q

Define Levadas

A

Canals that run down madeira irrigating it

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39
Q

Label the Madeira varietals from driest to sweetest

A

Sercial
Verdelho
Boal
Malmsey

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40
Q

Where are the steepest vineyards in Portugal found?

A

The Acores Islands- Pico DOP it is a world hertiage site

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41
Q

What are the three companies involved in the madeira wine trade

A

Production
-(eight companies that make the wine and are mostly based in Funchal)
-Vinhos Justino Henriques is the largest one
-

Shippers (London)
-Trade wine rather than make it, they select wine from a producer and bottle it under their own label

Partidistas

  • store and sell wine at maturity for a profit
  • Similar to almacenistas of sherry
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42
Q

What are the three sub zones of Transmontes?

A

Chaves, Valpacos, Planalto Mirandes

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43
Q

What madeira grape tends to get the darkest with afe

A

Bual

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44
Q

Talk about the Algarve IGP

A 
4 subzones 
Lagos DOP
Portimao DOP
Lagoa DOP
Tavira DOP

Each dominated by a co-op

Red- Castelao & Tinta Negra Dominate

White-Arinto & Siria

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45
Q

What does the Lisboa subzone of Lourinha only make?

A

Aguardente

46
Q

Wines from the Dao may be what?

A

Red white or sparkling

47
Q

What is the main soil type of Bairrada?

A

Clay (barros)

48
Q

Dao wines may label their wines as garrafeira if what?

A

Min alc increases from 11-11.5%

49
Q

Define Poios

A

Walls of basalt stone that support terraces on Madeira

50
Q

20 year port must be what?

A

Tawny in style and a blend of vintage with at least 20 years barrel aging

51
Q

Tawny + Age (10, 20, 30, 40 only)

A

Not an actual age indication but rather the IVDP deems that it tastes like a (10.20,30,40) year
By 40 the wines show rancio character
Often racked and blended with newer wine to discpalce evaporation

52
Q

Most vineyards on Madeira are trained how?

A

Pergola system on low trellises known as latadas in order to combat fungal disease due to the dampness

53
Q

Peninsula de setabul includes what two DOP zones?

A

Setabul and Pamela

54
Q

White Nobre Wines

A

Min 15% Encruzado, Max 85% Comp

1 year aging

Min 11.5%

55
Q

What are the three subzones of Transmatano

A

Chaves
Valpacos
Planalto Mirandes

56
Q

3 subzones of the Duoro West to East

A

Baixo Corgo
Cima Corgo
Duoro Superior

57
Q

What is made in Carcavelos?

A

Red _Castelao & Preto Martinho

Whie- Arinto, etc…

The wines are fermented dry and then fortified with Vinho abafado (Partially fermented must preserved with alcohol)

Must be aged for 2 years in barrel AND 6 months in bottle

58
Q

What is Vinhos Licoroso and where is it found?

A

Setabul- Sweet white and fortified reds from the Torna Viagem process (same as madeira)

White- 67% Muscatel de Setabul (alenandria)

Red- 67% Moscatel Roxo

Wines may be tabled varietally if 85% of stated grapes are included

These wines spend up to 6 months BACK on the skins after fermentation nd fortification

JM. Fonseca is the most important producer

59
Q

What is the law of “one third”

A

Port houses may only sell one third of their inventory

60
Q

What is the subzone of Vinho Verde meant for Varietal Alvarinho?

A

Mancao e Melago

61
Q

Define the Estufagem process

A

Wine is heated in Estufa (stainless with heating coils) for a min of 3 months. It is then rested (estagio) for 90 days before going into cask. Wines may not be released until 2 years after harvest.

THIS IS CHEAPER VERSION

62
Q

White Nobre wines in Dao must be what/

A

Min 15% Encuzado
Max 85% Cercial, Bical, Malvasia

min 1 year aging

Min alc 11.5

63
Q

Madeira:

Reserve

A

Reserve: Older than 5, less than 10

Specialty reserve: Older than 10 but less than 15 (heated in canteiro)

Extra reserve (older than 15 but less than 20

Solera:fracitonal blending and canteiro process, not permitted by EU/ Wines are topped up with older wine not younger

64
Q

LBV Port

A

Always the product of a single vintage
Spends between 4-6 years in cask before bottling
Has the mellowed tones of Tawny and the youthful fruit of ruby
Most a fined before bottling so decanting is unnecessary
Generally do not improve with bottle age
“Superior” styles often unfiltered and need decanting
“superior” styles may be labled Envelheciendo em Garrafa” indicating an additional min. 3 years of bottle aging

65
Q

Bairrada most planted red grape

A

Baga

66
Q

Ruby port

A

(includes vintage Port) are bottle aged. They tend to exhibit darker color, youthful fruit more agreesivly firey notes.

67
Q

W. Reserva Dao

A

6 mpnths

68
Q

Single Quinta Vintage Port

A 
The product of one estates harvest
This is mostly for if a port house can not confidently declare a vintage, they will do a single vintage bottling of a single estates wine.
"	Warre's - Quinta da Cavadinha
"	Taylor's - Quinta de Vargellas
"	Dow's- Quinta do Bonfirm
69
Q

Peninsula de Setabul used to be known as what?

A

Terras do Sado

70
Q

What ABV is the fortification for MAdeira

A

95% grape spirit imported from France

71
Q

What is the other version of the estufagem process?

A

Armazens de Calor

-Here the wine is heated in rooms near steam pipes and tanks as opposed to stainless vats

72
Q

Describe the canteiro process

A

Wine is aged in cask in warm lodge attics for a min of 2 years.

They may be bottledat a min of 3 years.

Best wines (franquieras) remain in cask for 20 years +

73
Q

Define “Torna Viagem”

A

“Round Trip” The process of heating wine through the production process

74
Q

What is normally planted more inland of COlares

A

Castelao (red) on Chao Rijo Soil (hard rock)

75
Q

The IVDP is to Port as _______________ is to Madeira

A

IVBAM

The wine embroidery handicraft institute of madeira (regulates harvesting and production methods)

76
Q

Tejo River AKA

A

Tagus or Tajo (Spain)

77
Q

Name three single Quinta vintage ports

A

” Warre’s - Quinta da Cavadinha
“ Taylor’s - Quinta de Vargellas
“ Dow’s- Quinta do Bonfirm

78
Q

4 grapes Red for port production

A 
Touring Franca
TOurigan Nacional
Tinta Roriz (Temp)
Tinta Barroca
Tinta Cao
79
Q

What are the three DOP of the Acores Islands

A

Pico DOP

Biscoitos DOP

Graciosa DOP

80
Q

What w as the first vintage of Barca Vehla?

A

1952

81
Q

How many of the 9 Acores islands have DOP?

A

3

82
Q

What is Portugals Highest mountain Range and where is it found

A

Dao- The Serra de Estrella

83
Q

Define the climate of Madeira

A

Subtropical

84
Q

Name 4 grapes for white port prpoduction

A

Rabigato
Viosinho
Malvasia
Gouveio

85
Q

Describe rainwater

A

Multivintage blend

Usually 100% Tinta Negra, the wines is medium dry and the youngest wine in the blend must be at least 3 yeats

86
Q

DAO wines may be tabled as Nobre “noble” if what?

A

Red- min 15% TN, Max 85% Jaen (Mencia)

Must age min 3 years w
min alc 12%

87
Q

What are latadas

A

Low trellises to combat fungal disease

88
Q

What is Estufa?

A

The stainless steel vats with heating coils for madeira where the wines are heated to 113-122F and held for 3 months

89
Q

What is the most important sub region of Alentejo

A

Portalegre- on the granitic slopes of Sao Mamede Mountains

Trincadeira is the most important grape

90
Q

What is made in the Lisboa ssubzone of Bucelas?

A

75% Arinto (White)

91
Q

What are the two modern heating process for Madeira

A

Estufagem and Canteiro

92
Q

How are the vines in Colares usually planted?

A

In trenches to protect form marine winds

93
Q

Labeling just garrafeira in Dao means what?

A

Min alc increase from 11-11.5%

94
Q

What is Biscoitos DOP?

A

Acores Islands DOP

For same thing as Pico DOP

Agin min 3 years

Min alc 16%

Verdelho, arenito and Terrantez are authorizes

95
Q

Colheita Tawny Port

A

Vintage dated port

Min 7 years in cask

96
Q

Estufagem wines may be released when?

A

Not until 2 years after harvest

97
Q

What is a lagar?

A

Traditional vessel port was fermented in

98
Q

Vintage Dated Madeira

A

Colheita-

  • min 85% vintage
  • aged for a min of 5 years
  • harvest or colheita may be used but not Vintage
  • may be single variety or blend

Frasquiera
-vintage aged for a min 20 years
s-single or blend
-since only 85% must be from vintage it is sometimes topped up with younger wine

Vinho da Roda/Vindo da Torno/Vinho da Volta

  • Wines actually age across the equator
  • Shortridge lawson is a producer
99
Q

What is Vinho da Roda/Vinho da Torno/Vinho da Volta

A
  • Wines actually age across the equator
  • Shortridge lawson is a producer

-SUPER RARE

100
Q

Name two common white grapes in Bairrada?

A

Maria Gomes

Arinto

101
Q

What are the two styles of white port?

A

Standard and Reserve

102
Q

Aging requirements for DAO reserva

A

Red - 2 years

white- 6 mnths

103
Q

If Madeira is a multi vintage blend with variety what must that variety constitute?

A

85%

104
Q

Define Selecionnado

A

Multvinttage blend

can be label “finest” “choice” or “select”

blend is at least 3 years but less than 5

Heated in estufagem not barrel

Dominated by tint negra

105
Q

Red Nobre Dao

A

Min 15% TN, Max 85% Comp Varities

3 years aging

min 12%

106
Q

What is Quercus Suber? Where is it most commonly found?

A

Cork Tree- Alentejo IGP

107
Q

The wines of Tejo may be what?

A

Red white or rose

Castelao and Fernao Pires dominate

108
Q

What is the major workhorse grape of Madeira

A

Tinta Negra (Not legally allowed to be labeled)

109
Q

What is Estufagem and Cantieero

A

The 2 modern heating process known for in madeira

110
Q

What/where is the Graciosa DOP?

A

Acores Islands DOP, Makes dry UNFORTIFIED white wines

TL- Portugal (2 decks)

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