Everything

Question 1

What is health promotion?

Answer 1

A combination of educational, organisational, economic, social and political actions designed with meaningful participation, to enable individuals, groups and whole communities to increase control over, and to improve their health through attitudinal, behavioural, social and environmental changes.

Question 2

Ottawa charter five areas for health promotion?

Answer 2

1. Building health public policy.
2. Reorientating the health services.
3. Creating a supportive environment.
4. Strengthening community action.
5. Developing personal skills.

Question 3

What is ment by building health public policy?

Answer 3

Positively impacts health and wellbeing through inter-sectoral collaboration between government departments and NGOs.

Question 4

What is ment by reorientating the health services?

Answer 4

Management of illness changes to promotion of health during education of health professionals.

Question 5

What is ment by creating a supportive environment?

Answer 5

Strengthen the circumstances in which people live.

Question 6

What is ment by strengthening community action?

Answer 6

Community ownership and control.

Question 7

What is ment by developing personal skills?

Answer 7

• smaller scale.

- focusing on individuals or smaller groups.

Question 8

What health promotion values are specific to aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people?

Answer 8

1. Aboriginal self-determination principles.
2. A holistic definition of health that acknowledges connection to land and spirit.
3. Community ownership and localised decision making.
4. Recognition of the specific historical, social and cultural context of the community.

Question 9

What is the goal of health promotion?

Answer 9

To enhance positive health and prevent ill health. It enables people to gain control over the determinants.

Question 10

What is population/public health?

Answer 10

The organised response by society to protect and promote health and to prevent illness, injury and disability.
-the three levels of prevention.

Question 11

Cultural awareness.

Answer 11

Understanding of cultural beliefs/knowledge/values (obtaining cultural knowledge).

Question 12

Brokerage.

Answer 12

Two-way conversation. Involves self-awareness- about listening and ‘yarning.’

Question 13

Cultural safety.

Answer 13

About the person feeling safe (environment does not challenge their cultural identity).

Question 14

Protocol.

Answer 14

About developing culturally tailored interventions to improve quality of care (culturally safe -> secure).

Question 15

Cultural security.

Answer 15

Intercultural teams working together to provide culturally secure services.

Question 16

Sustainability.

Answer 16

The consistent delivery of high quality care for aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people.

Question 17

Roots.

Answer 17

Biology, learnt, country, partnership, built.

Question 18

Shoots.

Answer 18

Traditional knowledge, ancestry, caring for country, consistence, respect, employment oppurtuanities, missions and urban spaces.

Question 19

Downward forces.

Answer 19

Health issues, loss of traditional cultural knowledge, racism, native title, colonisation, destruction and recognition of country.

Question 20

Components of the biopsychosocial model (with environment).

Answer 20

Environment, social/cultural (family and individual) (population and community), biological and psychological.

Question 21

Biopsychosocial model implications.

Answer 21

Recognises values of patient and health professional should be taken into account.
Recognises the links between socioeconomic deprivation and poor health.
Moves from an emphasis on illness to one that incorporates health and wellbeing and the quality of life.
(Criticisms due to emphasis on lifestyle -> blame).

Question 22

Systemic bias.

Answer 22

Prerequisite necassary for access to the political system and effective performance in it- powerlessness.

Question 23

Prompts of Aboriginal wellbeing

Answer 23

Biological, expectations and oppurtuanities.

Question 24

Facilitators of aboriginal wellbeing.

Answer 24

Intellectual flexibility, good language development and emotional support.

Question 25

Constraints of aboriginal wellbeing.

Answer 25

Stress, chair, social exclusion, social inequality and racism.

Question 26

Racism.

Answer 26

Ideology that gives expression to myths about other racial and ethnic groups, that devalues and renders those groups inferior. It is deeply rooted by hitorical, social, cultural and power inequalities in society.

• institutional.
• interpersonal (racism between individuals- negative attitudes to another race- follows a victim/perpetrator model).

Question 27

Bessarab key principles when working with aboriginal and Torres Strait islander people.

Answer 27

• respect.
• equity.
• justice.

Question 28

Stages of change model.

-supporting health behaviours.

Answer 28

1. Precontemplation (benefits outweigh adverse consequences/don’t see behaviour as a problem).2. Contemplation (feel adverse consequences).
2. Preparation (planning).
3. Action.
4. Maintenance (able to successfully avoid temptations to return to health risk behaviour).

Question 29

Health belief model.

-supporting healthy behaviours.

Answer 29

1. Feels that a negative health condition can be avoided.
2. Positive expectation action will avoid a negative health condition.
3. Believes they can successfully take a recommended health action.

Question 30

Empowerment that aims to generate change at an individual, organisational or community level needs to be based on?

Answer 30

• self awareness/confidence.
• skills to develop an understanding and take action.
• participation in decision making.
• access to resources.

(Empowerment is a process and no one person can empower another).

Question 31

Empowerment.

Answer 31

Individual: make decisions about the future based on knowledge, optimism, strength and self-confidence.
Group: when people take control of their lives, influence decisions and set personal goals that are achieved.

Question 32

Strategies around effective communication.

Answer 32

• clinical yarning.
• don’t use medical jargon.
• practitioners open/honest/authentic.
• respect the use of silence.
• be aware that words may have different meaning.
• wait until your turn to speak.
• varying degrees of literacy.