Everything

Question 1

What are the 4 shapes of pelvic inlets?

Answer 1

Android- heart shaped (mostly male)
anthropoid- rounded (mostly male
gynecoid- heart shaped (more narrow than android, mostly female)
platypelloid- oval and wide (not common)

Question 2

Where do you measure the diameter of an obstertic conjugate?

Answer 2

from the superior aspect of pubic symphasis to sacral promontory

Question 3

Where do you measure the diameter of a diagonal conjugate?

Answer 3

inferior aspect of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

Question 4

Where do you measure the true obstetric conjugate ?

Answer 4

posterior aspect of pubic symphysis to sacral promontory

Question 5

Where do you measure the interspinous distance?

Answer 5

Between ischial spines

Question 6

Hysterectomies and ovarectomies pose danger to what structure?

Answer 6

ureters

Question 7

What anastamoses with the uterine a?

Answer 7

ovarian a. (aorta)

Question 8

What anastamoses with the iliolumbar/circumflex iliac a?

Answer 8

lumbar a (aorta)

Question 9

What anastamoses with the lateral sacral a?

Answer 9

median sacral a. (aorta)

Question 10

What anastamoses with the middle rectal a?

Answer 10

superior rectal (IMA)

Question 11

What anastamoses with the inferior gluteal a?

Answer 11

profunda femoris (femoral)

Question 12

Define cystocele

Answer 12

collapse of the bladder into anterior wall of the vagina

Question 13

Define rectocele

Answer 13

anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectum

Question 14

Define enterocele

Answer 14

anterior and inferior protrusion of the rectovaginal pouch

Question 15

What would cause urine to spread along the shaft of the penis only?

Answer 15

a laceration of the spongy urethra w/ Buck’s fascia still intact

Question 16

What would cause urine to leak into the scrotum, along the shaft of the penis and anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 16

laceration of spongy urethra and Buck’s fascia is torn.

Question 17

Define Phimosis

Answer 17

foreskin cannot be retracted over glans penis

Question 18

Define Paraphimosis

Answer 18

construction of glans penis by tight band of foreskin –> leads of ischemia

Question 19

What is Peyronie’s disease and what family history is it associated with?

Answer 19

buildup of scar tissue within tunica albuginea – associated with Dupuytren’s contracture

Question 20

Pouch of Douglas AKA

Answer 20

rectouterine pouch

Question 21

What is the most common site for a benign prostatic hypertrophy?

Answer 21

posterior lobe

Question 22

What vertebral level is erection controlled by?

Answer 22

S2-4 parasympathetic

Question 23

What vertebral level is emission controlled by?

Answer 23

L1-2 –> contraction of SM in ductus deferens (sympathetic)

Question 24

What are three things that happen during ejaculation? What spinal level controls each of them?

Answer 24

L1-2–> sympathetic closure of internal urethral sphincter
S2-4 –> parasympathetic for contraction of urethral smooth muscle
S2-4–> Pudendal for contraction of perineal muscles

Question 25

What causes a reduced urge where the pt cannot sense fullness?

Answer 25

ANS peripheral damange –> sensory neurogenic bladder

Question 26

What is an autonomous bladder, what causes it?

Answer 26

damage of the sacral spinal cord –> continuous dribble of urine

Question 27

What is the normal position of the uterus?

Answer 27

anterverted and anteflexed

Question 28

What is a uterine prolapse

Answer 28

Protrusion of the cervix into vaginal canal

Question 29

Where does the lymph of retroperitoneal part of the Rectum/anal canal drain to?

Answer 29

inferior mesenteric nodes

Question 30

Where does the lymph of subperitoneal part of rectum/anal canal drain to?

Answer 30

pararectal, sacral, internal iliac, superficial inguinal

Question 31

Where does lymph from the superior (peritoneum part) of the bladder drain to?

Answer 31

external iliac

Question 32

Where does the lymph from the subperitoneal part of the bladder drain to ?

Answer 32

internal iliac

Question 33

Where does lymph from the prostate drain to?

Answer 33

internal iliac, sacral

Question 34

Where does lymph from the penis drain to?

Answer 34

internal iliac 
(expect distal corpus spongiosum/glans =>deep inguinal)

Question 35

Where does lymph from the testes drain to?

Answer 35

lumbar (para aortic) nodes

Question 36

Where does lymph from perineal skin drain to?

Answer 36

superficial inguinal

Question 37

Where does lymph from the uterine tube/ ovary drain to?

Answer 37

lumbar (para-aortic) nodes

Question 38

Where does lymph from the uterus drain to? (fundus, body, cervix, attachment of round ligament)

Answer 38

fundus and body- lumbar and external iliac
cervix- external and internal iliac, obturator, sacral
round ligament- superficial inguinal

Question 39

Where does lymph from the upper 2/3 of vagina drain to? lower 1/3 (vulva)?

Answer 39

upper- internal and external iliac, sacral

lower- superficial inguinal

Question 40

What is an episiotomy? What are 2 incisions that can be made?

Answer 40

surgical incision through vaginal wall to expand birth canal
mediolateral- wide expansion, involves ischioanal fossa
median- damages perineal body

Question 41

What are the differences in innervation, lymph, arterial and venous supply above and below the pectinate line?

Answer 41

above: visceral autonomic innervation, lymph- internal iliac nodes, arterial- IMA, internal pudendal, Venous- portal
below: somatic innervation lymph- superficial inguinal node, arterial- pudendal, venous- caval system

Question 42

Cutaneous innervation of the anterior scrotum comes from what 2 nerves? posterior?

Answer 42

ant: ilioinguinal (L1) and gentiofemoral (L1-2)
post: pudendal (S2-4)