Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Grade 10 Science Exam Review > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

1
Q

Weather

A

environmental conditions such as wind pressure, temp, amount of precipitation, etc. in a specific place at a specific time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Climate

A

characteristic patterns of weather conditions within a region including average temp, precipitation, wind velocity and other conditions over a long period of time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Eccentricity

A

the fluctuation of the earths orbit around the sun due to the gravitational pull to other planets. ovr a cycle of 100000 years the earths orbit changes from circular to elliptical.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tectonic plates

A

composes the lithosphere. massive sections of solid rock. every year the plates move a few centimetres. this causes changes in land and water masses which in turn affects air and water circulation. changes in air and water circulation affect weather patterns.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lithosphere

A

The earth solid crust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hydrosphere

A

all the water on the earths surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Layers of the atmosphere

A

5 layers. troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. weather in troposphere and lower stratosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Wobble

A

The earth isnt a perfect sphere, so it wobbles on its axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Tilt

A

the tilt of the earth on its axis changes by approximately 2.4 degrees over a period of 41000 years. the greather the tilt the bigger the difference between summer and winter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Heat Resevoirs

A

water stores more heat than water, water has a large specific heat capacity. therefore water heats up slowly and releases heat slowly. water is a buffer to temperature change in the environment. Land masses near big bodies of water are warmer in the winter than more inland areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anthropogenic greenhouse effect

A

the increase in global average temp, as a result of an increase in greenhouse gases due to human activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

the process by which gases build up thermal energy in the atmosphere by absorbing infrared radiation from the earths surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

global warming

A

the rise in average worldwide temps.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Radiation

A

transfer of energy including thermal energy as electromagnetic radiation. this energy can travel through a vacuum. it can be absorbed, reflected, or refracted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Convection

A

the transfer of thermal energy by highly energized molecules moving from one place to another. this movement can occur in liquids and gases but not solids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Conduction

A

the transfer of thermal energy between 2 objects that are in direct physical contact. thermal energy always moves from a region of higher temp region to a region of lower temp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Albedo

A

the objects ability to reflect light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CFC’s

A

a human made compound that contains chlorine, fluorine and carbon. when released into atmosphere it can cause depletion of the ozone layer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Thermohaline circulation

A

continuous flow of water around the worlds oceans driven by differences in water temps, salinity, and the wind.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Biome

A

largest division of biosphere, includes large regions that have similar biotic features and similar biotic components such as rainfall and temp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ecozone

A

a division of earths surface that has developed over a long period of time and is separated from neighbouring ecozones by a geological feature such as a mountain range, or ocean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ecoregion

A

a subdivision of an ecozone that is characterised by landforms such as plains, lakes mountain and rivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Natural greenhouse gases

A

water vapour, co2 methane, nitrous oxide an dozone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

man made greenhouse gases

A

CFC’s release of excess co2 due to excess burning of fossil fuels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
How climate affects main fisheries
fish is 40 percent of trade. climate change affects the variety of fish and marine life. numbers of cold water fish are declining because of warmer waters.
26
how climate affects deforestation
rising temps increase risk of forest fires. burning of forests quickly releases co2 and trees are a natural sink forco2
27
how climate affects rising sea levels
reduces the amount of coastal land. causing loss of life and agriculture
28
how climate affects decreasing crop yeilds
crops do well when temps are between 10 and 30 degrees. when they are over 30 they wilt and evaporate and die
29
how climate affects water conflicts
changes in precip will make the demand for water higher than the supply in some areas. higher temps make more water evaporate. some countries depend on water from glaciers, and they are rapidly declining.
30
how climate makes a higher risk of disease
tropical diseases can spread higher north as the planet warms. animals can increase there range north possibly carrying more diseaes
31
how climate makes more severe storms
hurricanes cause economic loss as well as loss of life. more violent storms force people inland, thus adding population pressure.
32
electromagnetic spectrum
the entire range of electromagnetic waves in order of wavelength and or frequency
33
wavelength
the distance from one crest of a wave to the next crest
34
frequency
the number of crests in a wave that pass a given point in one second
35
incident ray
ray of light that travels from a light source to a surface
36
normal
a line constructed perpendicular to a surface where a ray of light meats the surface
37
reflected ray
a ray that begins at the point where the incidence ray and the normal meet
38
relections
the change in direction of a light ray when it bounces off a surface
39
refraction
the bending of light as it travels at an angle from a material with one refractive index to a material with a different refractive index.
40
real image
an image that is formed when reflected rays meet
41
angle of incidence
angle between the incidence ray and the normal
42
angle of reflection
angle between reflected ray and the normal
43
critical angle
the angle of incidence that produces an angle o refraction of 90 degrees
44
virtual image
an image formed by rays that appear to be coming from a certan position but are not actually coming from that position. image does not form a visible projection o a screen
45
lens
a transparent object with atleast on curved side that causes light to bend
46
focal point
the point on the principal axis through which reflected rays pass when the incident rays are parallel to and near the principal axis
47
focal length
distance between vertex of a mirror and the focal point. half the distance from the vertex to the centre of curvature
48
magnification
the change in size of an optically produced image
49
principal axis
the line that passes through the centre of curvature C of a mirror or lens and is normally the axis of symmetry.
50
concave mirror
a mirror whos reflecting image curves inwards
51
convex mirror
a mirror whos reflecting surface curves outwards
52
speed of light
3.0 x 10^8
53
luminous
an object that creates its own light
54
non-luminous
an object that doestn create its own light, but reflects light
55
incadescence
light emitted from an object when it is heated to a high temperature
56
bioluminescence
light produced by a biochemical reaction inside a living organism
57
fluorescence
light emitted during exposure of the source of ultraviolet light
58
phosphorescence
light emitted due to exposure of the sorce to ultraviolet light. and that continues to be emitted for some time after the absence of the ultraviolet light
59
index of refraction
the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium
60
centre of curvature
double the foal length and something else
61
Atom
smallest characteristic of matter that has the characteristic of an element
62
ion
a charged particle formed from the loss or gain of ne or more electrons
63
polyatomic ion
an ion that is composed of more than one atom
64
molecule
a neutral particle composed of two or more atoms joined together by covalent bonds
65
element
a class of substances that can be divided into any simple form of the object
66
diatomic compound
is a molecule composed of only two or less chemical elements
67
ionic compound
composed of oppositely charged ions
68
binary acids
acid composed of hydrogen and non metal
69
compound
composed of 2 or more chemical elements and are glued together
70
pure substance
a material composed of only one type of particle
71
homogeneous mixture
a mixture of one or more objects but it only has one phase
72
heterogeneous mixture
a mixture when you can see all the different parts of the mixture and easily take it apart
73
physical change
the form of matter is altered but is not chemically changed
74
chemical change
when the chemical make up of a substance is changed a chemical reaction has to occur
75
covalent bond
when pairs of electron are shared by atoms and they are glues together
76
oxyacid
a compound that contains hydrogen, oxygen and atleast one other element
77
physical property
something that can be physically measured
78
chemical property
a property when an characteristic of a substance is observed during when a chemical reaction occurs
79
catalyst
a substance that increases the rate of reaction and is regenerated at the end of the reaction
80
surface area
the larger the surface area on an object the faster the chemical reaction occurs
81
concentration
the amount of a particular substance in a specific amount of another substance
82
rate of reaction
the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs, can be increased in many ways
83
polar covalent bonds
when the electrons forming the bond are unequally shared, this causes the molecules to have different level of electromagnetivity on different parts of it
84
reactants
things put into a chemical reaction
85
products
things that come out of the chemical reaction

Grade 10 Science Exam Review (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions