Everything Flashcards
This is the idea that something is entirely right or wrong
Absolutism
This is the idea that whatever makes the most people happy is the best
Utilitarianism
If someone is arguing that animal testing could be used for curing a disease it could be labelled as
Morally right
What’s a human right
A set of laws everybody is entitled to
What’s the meaning of something thats universal
Something that applies to everyone at all times
What’s speciesism
Giving preference to our own species over another
What’s animal testing
The act of testing products on animals
What’s Euthanasia
Deliberately ending a person’s life to relieve suffering
What’s Euthanasia
Deliberately ending a person’s life to relieve suffering
What’s assisted suicide
Helping someone to end their own life (maybe because they can’t do it themselves or need someone to acquire something for them so they can do it)
What’s Capital punishment
Sentencing convicted offenders to death for very serious crimes
3 countries which euthanasia is legal in
Canada,Spain,Portugal
Name two Arguments for Euthanasia
1.Relieves suffering for people
2.People have the right to make their own decision about their life
Name two arguments against euthanasia
- Life shouldn’t be wasted as it’s sacred ( 1 in 400 trillion of u being born)
2.Could lead to a slope of euthanasia slowly becoming less for people who are in incredibly serious situations
What’s the trolley problem
If a train was heading for 4 people on track, but you could pull the lever to divert it onto another track, that only had one person, would you?
What would a utilitarian do in the trolley problem
To utilitarians, they want the most people happy, so they would pull it because killing 4 is more than killing 1
What would an absolutist respond to the trolley problem
To an absolutist, making the morally right decision matters to them, so they wouldn’t pull it because in that way that would kill someone who wouldn’t have been killed.
Name 3 countries where capital punishment is legal
USA, Japan, Taiwan
When was the last U.K death penalty
August 1964
Name 2 arguments for capital punishment
1.Prevents more murder
2. What you do should be dealt to you
Name 2 arguments against capital punishment
- Life is sacred
- More evidence might be found after
Name 2 arguments for animal testing
- Could lead to solving a disease
- Animal life isn’t as valuable as human life
Name two arguments against animal testing
- All life is equal
- A lot of animals die to cosmetic usage
What does Peter Singer think about animal testing
He thinks it should only be used for the gain of humans and any other usage should be illegal
What does Carl Cohen think about animal testing
He thinks it’s okay because animals don’t have rights or contribute to human life
Whats morality
The belief that some behaviour is right and acceptable and that other behaviour is wrong
Who founded utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham
Who is one of the greatest contributors to absolutism
Immanuel Kant
What did Jeremy Bentham say about utilitarianism (quote)
“The greatest happiness of the greatest number is the foundation of morals and legislation”
What did Immanuel Kant say about absolutism
Act only on that maxim which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law.
What does Kant argue with his quote
For an action to be morally right it must be universalised
