Everything Flashcards
Avoid driving if you are…
- Feeling tired or unwell
- Distracted in any way
- Upset or annoyed
- Under a lot of mental or emotional pressure
The only time you may stop on the hard shoulder of a motorway is…
…in an emergency
In GB, when is your vehicle required to pass an MOT test?
3 years after date of first registration
What are the seatbelt laws?
Look at the seatbelt table on p.61. How well did you do?
What is the relationship between airbags and child seats?
Rear-facing child seats MUST NOT be used in a seat protected by an airbag
What age of person is the driver responsible for the wearing of seatbelts & approved child restraints?
Under 14 years old
What is the criteria for visibility being “seriously reduced”, resulting in the use of fog lights?
100m (328 feet) or less
Give two examples of when using hazard warning lights are acceptable
- You’ve broken down
- You have to slow down quickly on a motorway or unrestricted dual carriageway, because of a hazard ahead. Use them only long enough to ensure that your warning has been seen
“Hazard warning lights should be used to warn other road users when you’re temporarily obstructing traffic” (p.83)
What are the criteria for not using your horn?
- When your vehicle is stationary
- When driving in a built-up area between 11:30pm & 7am
What happens to the brakes & steering when the ignition is not switched on?
Steering will be heavy, brakes will not work properly
Give as many hazards as you can
- Bends in the road
- Junctions
- Road narrowings
- Hump bridges
- Road surfaces
- Pedestrian crossings
- Roadworks
- Other vehicles
- Motorcyclists
- Cyclists
- Users of powered mobility vehicles
- Pedestrians
- Horses & riders
- Road workers
- Persons directing traffic
- Livestock in the road
- Loose animals
A pretty exhaustive list…
MSM stands for…
Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre
Mirrors means…
Check the speed and position of traffic behind you
Signal means…
Consider whether a signal is necessary. If it is, signal your intention to change course or slow down clearly and in good time
Define a Manoeuvre
Any change of speed or position
Manoeuvre is split into…
Position, Speed, Look
In a Manoeuvre, Position means…
Put your vehicle in correct position for Maneouvre. When this is a change of direction, move into Position in good time.
In a Manoeuvre, Speed means…
Ensure that the vehicle is travelling at the appropriate speed and in a suitable gear to complete the Maneouvre safely.
In a Manoeuvre, Look means…
LADA:
* Looking - what can you see?
* Assessing - what are your options?
* Deciding - depending on what you can see
* Acting - either continue or wait
When do you always use MSM?
- Moving off
- Signalling
- Changing direction (be that turning left/right or overtaking/changing lanes)
- Slowing down or stopping
With MSM, never…
- Signal without checking mirrors first
- Rely solely on mirrors when reversing, keep looking around for watch for other road users
- Assume that, because you’ve signalled, you can carry out the intended Maneouvre safely. Check to be sure, because other road users mightnot have seen your signal or understand your intention
What is the cockpit drill?
Check that:
* All doors are properly closed and parking brake is on
* Driving seat is adjusted so you can see clearly in all directions and reach all controls comfortably
* Head restraint is in correct position
* Mirrors are clean and correctly adjusted
* You and passengers have seat belts on
* Gear lever is in P or N
* You have enough fuel for your journey. If not, plan where to refuel
How to move off in an automatic?
- Press & hold down footbrake then move gear selector to Drive (D).
- Make safety checks. Use mirrors and, if moving away from lefthand side of road, look over right shoulder to check blindspot. If moving away from righthand side, look over left shoulder to check blindspots on that side of car.
- Give signal if it would help any other road user.
- If safe to move off, be ready to release parking brake.
- Look round again if necessary and keep an eye on mirrors.
- Release parking brake and then release footbrake. The car may start to move forward.
5 rules for good braking
- Anticipate. Think and look well ahead.
- Know your own limitations and those of your vehicle.
- Take note of state of the road and its surface.
- Give yourself plenty of time and distance to brake progressively.
- Avoid risk of skidding, rather than trying to control it.
To brake progressively…
- Put light pressure on the brake first
- Gradually increase pressure as required to stop the vehicle
- When vehicle has almost stopped, ease off the pressure so that it stops smoothly. There should be little or no pressure as the vehicle actually stops
When braking in an emergency…
- Do not signal - you need both hands to control the steering
- Do not make a special point of looking in the mirror
- Stop as quickly and safely as possible, keeping your vehicle under full control
- Look all round before moving off again
To avoid skids, take note of the following:
- On very slippery surfaces your stopping distance can be as much as 10 times longer than on a dry road.
- Look out for signs of slippery roads. Any wet road, even in summer, is likely to be slippery. Be wary of rain, ice, packed snow, frost, wet mud, loose surfaces and wet leaves. Diesel and oil spillages will also make the road slippery, as will patches of new tarmac.
- If you suspect the road is slippery, keep your speed down. When your tyre grip is poor, braking is more likely to cause a skid.
(* Use engine braking. Change down in good time.)
In automatics, the parking brake will help avoid:
- Possibility of vehicle creeping forward
- Vehicle surging forward if the accelerator is pressed accidentally while in D (Drive)
With circular signs, blue means what?
You MUST do something
With circular signs, red means what?
You MUST NOT do something
In an area with regularly spaced street lights and no speed-limit signs, what speed limit should you assume?
30mph (20mph in Wales)
Symbols are used for diversions. Check p.155. How many did you remember?
How did you do?
Single broken lines in the middle of the road get longer. What does that mean?
There is a hazard ahead
What do red reflective road studs mark?
Left-hand side of the road
What do white reflective road studs mark?
Lanes or middle of the road
What do amber reflective road studs mark?
Right-hand edge of the carriageway on dual carriageways & motorways
What do green reflective road studs mark?
Edge of the main carriageway at lay-bys and slip roads
When are you (by law) allowed to enter a box junction?
- When exit road is clear
OR - When you want to turn right and you’re only prevented from doing so by oncoming traffic
When reacting to emergeny vehicles, do not:
- Put yourself in a position where you would be breaking the law - for example, by crossing a red traffic light or using a bus lane during its hours of operation
- Break the speed limit to get out of the way
- Risk damaging your tyres, wheels or steering by driving up kerbs
Stopping distance depends on:
- How fast you’re going
- Whether you’re travelling on the level, uphill or downhill
- The weather and the state of the road
- The type and age of your vehicle (typically older vehicles need a longer stopping distance)
- The condition of your brakes and tyres
- The size and weight of your vehicle
- Your ability as a driver, especially your reaction times when applying the brakes
In good, dry conditions, what gap should you leave to the vehicle in front?
2 seconds
In wet weather, what gap should you leave to the vehicle in front?
4 seconds
Double usual gap
In icy weather, what gap should you leave to the vehicle in front?
20 seconds
10 times usual gap
Traffic lights at pelican crossings are different because…
They have no red-and-amber phase befire the green light. It flashes amber instead, showing you must give way to pedestrians on the crossing but may drive across if the crossing is clear
When turning right onto a dual carriageway:
- Assess whether the central reservation is deep enough to protect the full length of your vehicle
- If it is, cross first carriageway when safe and wait in central reservation to join second carriageway
- If it is not, you must not begin to cross until the dual carriageway is clear in both direction
Roundabouts are particularly hazardous. List the reasons why
- Pedestrians: in many areas, zebra crossings are located near the entrances and exits to roundabouts. Even if there are no formal crossings, pedestrians may atempt to cross at these junctions.
- Cyclists & horse riders: they often keep to the outside of the roundabout even when intending to turn right. Take extra care and allow them plenty of room.
- Motorcyclists & cyclists: it’s often difficult to see them on a roundabout.
- Long vehicles: because of their length, they might take a different colurse or straddle lanes as they approach the roundabout and as they go round it. Watch out for their signals and allow for the path the rear of their vehicle follows.
- All vehicles: be prepared for vehicles to cross your path to leave at the next exit. Always be on the lookout for thei signals.
- The road surface: this can be polished and slippery, especially when wet. Aviod harsh braking and acceleration when on the roundabout.
What is the link between seat belts and reversing?
You may remove your seat belt whilst reversing, so long as you remember to refasten it before driving off.
What questions should you ask yourself approaching a bend?
- Can I see the full picture?
- How sharp is the bend?
- Am I in the right position?
- Is my speed righht?
- What might I meet?
- Could I stop if I had to?
What questions should you ask yourself approaching a junction?
- Have I seen the whole junction?
- Can other drivers see me?
- Am I sure they’ve seen me?
- Have I got an escapt route if they have not?
After a spell of dry weather, rain on the road can…
…make it even more slippery
When MUST you use dipped headlights?
When visibility is seriously reduced
When visibility improves, what MUST you do with your fog lights?
Switch them off
