Everything Flashcards
What is ‘wrong’ in Christianity
- Sin
- 7 deadly sins - pride, greed, lust envy, wrath, sloth and gluttony
What is ‘wrong’ in Islam
- haram (sin)
- forbidden by Allah oe Muhammad in the Sunnah or Hadith
- haram acts are recorded by angels and will be weighed on judgement day
Consequences of sin in Christianity (4)
- personal suffering
- offend God
- excluded from heaven/sent to hell
- cut off from the church
Consequences of sin in Islam (2)
- Shariah Law - specific punishments
- sent to hell (fear the fire he has prepared for those who reject faith)
Christian attitudes to punishment
- “he is God’s servant, an agent of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer” - deterrence
- “let justice roll on like river” - justice
- “no one is totally defined by their sins and failures” - reformation
- God is the final judge
main aims of punishment in Christianity
- justice
- deterrence
- reform
main aims of punishment in Islam
- protection
- deterrence
- justice
Muslim attitudes to punishment
- needs to protect the ummah
- forgiveness is important
- Use Shariah Law specified in the Qur’an and Sunnah
- “God orders justice and good conduct … and forbids immorality”
- God is the final judge
chaplain
minister or leader of a religious group that provides pastoral care for people in a non - religious institution
christian prison reformer
John Howard
How did John Howard improve prisons the the 18th century
he suggested:
- clean running water,
- access to doctors’
- more prison officers
- separate cells for men and women
Roles of a chaplain
- see to spiritual/religious needs
- counselling
- support through rehabilitation
- support family members
- work with parol officers and ex - prisoners after they are released back into community
Why do quakers support reform
- “no one is totally defined by their sins or failures”
Most Muslim attitudes to the death penalty
- deterrent to protect the ummah
- used in Shariah Law
- “nor take life … except for a just cause”
Some Muslim attitudes to the death penalty
- Shariah law oppresses women and the poor
- fair trials aren’t always given
- Qur’an forbids taking a life (if anyone kills a person … it would be as if he killed all people)
Conservative Christian attitudes to the death penalty
- upholds the commandment “thou shalt not kill”
- mentioned in the Old Testament
- “life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth”
Liberal Christian attitudes to the death penalty
- “thou shalt not kill”
- “God made man in his own image”
- Jesus taught forgiveness
Humanist attitudes to the death penalty
- oppose capital punishment generally
- possibility of error
- irreversible
christian attitudes to war
- “thou shalt not kill”
- “love thy neighbour”
- “greater love has no man that this, that a man may lay down his life for his friends”
Just war in Christianity
war is acceptable when all other methods of peace have failed
Jihad
struggle to live according to God’s laws
Greater Jihad
personal struggle to be a good Muslim (fasting in Ramadan)
Lesser Jihad
physical struggle to defend Islam (holy war)
Muslim attitudes to war
- “nor take life … except for a just cause”
- “when aggressive people address them, reply with words of peace”
- “permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought”
