Everything

Question 1

What is ‘wrong’ in Christianity

Answer 1

• Sin
• 7 deadly sins - pride, greed, lust envy, wrath, sloth and gluttony

Question 2

What is ‘wrong’ in Islam

Answer 2

• haram (sin)
• forbidden by Allah oe Muhammad in the Sunnah or Hadith
• haram acts are recorded by angels and will be weighed on judgement day

Question 3

Consequences of sin in Christianity (4)

Answer 3

• personal suffering
• offend God
• excluded from heaven/sent to hell
• cut off from the church

Question 4

Consequences of sin in Islam (2)

Answer 4

• Shariah Law - specific punishments
• sent to hell (fear the fire he has prepared for those who reject faith)

Question 5

Christian attitudes to punishment

Answer 5

• “he is God’s servant, an agent of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer” - deterrence
• “let justice roll on like river” - justice
• “no one is totally defined by their sins and failures” - reformation
• God is the final judge

Question 6

main aims of punishment in Christianity

Answer 6

• justice
• deterrence
• reform

Question 7

main aims of punishment in Islam

Answer 7

• protection
• deterrence
• justice

Question 8

Muslim attitudes to punishment

Answer 8

• needs to protect the ummah
• forgiveness is important
• Use Shariah Law specified in the Qur’an and Sunnah
• “God orders justice and good conduct … and forbids immorality”
• God is the final judge

Question 9

chaplain

Answer 9

minister or leader of a religious group that provides pastoral care for people in a non - religious institution

Question 10

christian prison reformer

Answer 10

John Howard

Question 11

How did John Howard improve prisons the the 18th century

Answer 11

he suggested:
- clean running water,
- access to doctors’
- more prison officers
- separate cells for men and women

Question 12

Roles of a chaplain

Answer 12

• see to spiritual/religious needs
• counselling
• support through rehabilitation
• support family members
• work with parol officers and ex - prisoners after they are released back into community

Question 13

Why do quakers support reform

Answer 13

• “no one is totally defined by their sins or failures”

Question 14

Most Muslim attitudes to the death penalty

Answer 14

• deterrent to protect the ummah
• used in Shariah Law
• “nor take life … except for a just cause”

Question 15

Some Muslim attitudes to the death penalty

Answer 15

• Shariah law oppresses women and the poor
• fair trials aren’t always given
• Qur’an forbids taking a life (if anyone kills a person … it would be as if he killed all people)

Question 16

Conservative Christian attitudes to the death penalty

Answer 16

• upholds the commandment “thou shalt not kill”
• mentioned in the Old Testament
• “life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth”

Question 17

Liberal Christian attitudes to the death penalty

Answer 17

• “thou shalt not kill”
• “God made man in his own image”
• Jesus taught forgiveness

Question 18

Humanist attitudes to the death penalty

Answer 18

• oppose capital punishment generally
• possibility of error
• irreversible

Question 19

christian attitudes to war

Answer 19

• “thou shalt not kill”
• “love thy neighbour”
• “greater love has no man that this, that a man may lay down his life for his friends”

Question 20

Just war in Christianity

Answer 20

war is acceptable when all other methods of peace have failed

Question 21

Jihad

Answer 21

struggle to live according to God’s laws

Question 22

Greater Jihad

Answer 22

personal struggle to be a good Muslim (fasting in Ramadan)

Question 23

Lesser Jihad

Answer 23

physical struggle to defend Islam (holy war)

Question 24

Muslim attitudes to war

Answer 24

• “nor take life … except for a just cause”
• “when aggressive people address them, reply with words of peace”
• “permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought”

Question 25

what do Quakers think of war

Answer 25

they are pacifists

Question 26

Muslim attitudes to forgiveness

Answer 26

• Allah is all - forgiving
• “paradise is for those who curb their anger and forgive their fellow men
• Muhammad forgave a woman who regularly threw dirt at him
• “God loves those who turn unto He in repentance”

Question 27

Christian attitudes to forgiveness

Answer 27

• “father, forgive them, for they know not what they do”
• “if you do not forgive others their sins, you father will not forgive you sins”
• “if your brother sins rebuke him, if he repents, forgive him”
• Stephen Lawrences father forgave his sons killers

Question 28

Christian attitudes to suffering

Answer 28

• experience suffering to atone for original sin
• parable of Job - “the lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord”
• soul making - Hick’s vale of soul making

Question 29

How do Christians believe suffering entered the world

Answer 29

• “God saw everything that he had made, and behold it was very good”
• Adam and Eve chose to eat the forbidden fruit and were banished to a life that included suffering

Question 30

Muslim attitudes to suffering (5)

Answer 30

• everything is part of God’s plan (al - Qadr)
• test of faith - “do the people think they will be left to say ‘we believe’ and they will not be tried?”
• those who resist shaytan will be rewarded in the afterlife
• One of the names of Allah is The Compassionate
• The prophet Muhammad forgave an old wan who regularly threw rubbish at him

Question 31

Christian beliefs about good

Answer 31

• “God saw everything that he has made and behold, it was very good”
• Augustines soul making theodicy - humans imperfected the world
• Bible and Jesus outline qualities for good

Question 32

Muslim beliefs about good

Answer 32

• “God is well aware of whatever good you do”
• “for one who’s scales are heavy with good deeds, He will be in a pleasant life”
• humans have an innate sense good (fitrah)
• Muhammad and the Qur’an outline qualities for good

Question 33

Where does evil originate from in the Qur’an

Answer 33

Shaytan’s refusal to bow to Adam. Allah cast him out of heaven.

Question 34

Christian beliefs about evil

Answer 34

• “the intent of mans heart is evil from his youth”
• Satan is the power for Evil