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Year 8 Science End Of Year > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do we know if something is alive

A

growth, reproduction, movement, respiration, sensitivity, excretion, and nutrition

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2
Q

Name all forces

A

Push
Pull
Magnetism
Gravity
Friction
Acceleration
Spring
Tension
Applied
Drag
Buoyan

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3
Q

How do plants grow

A

Plants grow through photosynthesis, which is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy

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4
Q

How do plants get poisoned

A

Poisoning occurs when plants absorb harmful chemicals from the soil or air

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5
Q

What are the three laws of motion

A

In the first law, an object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it

In the second law, the force on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration

In the third law, when two objects interact, they apply forces to each other of equal magnitude and opposite direction

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6
Q

What can forces and stretches do

A

Forces can stretch or compress objects.

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7
Q

What are moments

A

Moments are the turning effect of a force. Force x distance

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8
Q

What is pressure

A

Pressure is the force exerted per unit area

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9
Q

What are distance time graphs

A

Distance-time graphs show the distance traveled by an object over time.

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10
Q

What is Terminal velocity

A

Terminal velocity is the maximum speed an object can reach while falling through a fluid

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11
Q

Cell parts: + what are bacteria, viruses and fungi

A

Cells have many parts including the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
Bacteria / viruses / fungi / Disease: Bacteria, viruses, and fungi are microorganisms that can cause diseases

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12
Q

What are antibiotics

A

Antibiotics are medicines that kill or stop the growth of bacteria.

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13
Q

What is food preservation/ fermentation

A

Food preservation is the process of preventing food from spoiling. Fermentation is the process of converting sugar into alcohol or acid.

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14
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy

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15
Q

What chemical test can you do for oxygen

A

Oxygen can be tested using a glowing splint.

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16
Q

What is lift in aeroplanes

A

Lift is the force that keeps airplanes in the air.

17
Q

What is the ozone layer

A

The ozone layer is a layer of ozone gas in the Earth’s atmosphere that protects us from harmful UV rays

18
Q

What is water

A

Water is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is essential for life

19
Q

What test can be done for water

A

Water can be tested using cobalt chloride paper.

20
Q

What test can be done for hydrogen

A

Hydrogen can be tested using a burning splint.

21
Q

What is respiration

A

Respiration is the process by which living things convert glucose into energy

22
Q

What is seed germination

A

Seed germination is the process by which a seed grows into a plant.

23
Q

What are sound waves

A

Sound waves are vibrations that travel through the air

24
Q

What are waves

A

Waves are disturbances that travel through a medium (object)

25
Q

What test can be done for carbon dioxide

A

Carbon dioxide can be tested using limewater

26
Q

What is white light reflection and what happens with it

A

White light is a combination of all colors in the visible spectrum.
When white light hits an object, it can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted.
The color we perceive is determined by the wavelengths of light that are reflected by the object.

27
Q

How do we see objects

A

We see objects because light reflects off them and enters our eyes.
The reflected light enters the eye through the cornea, passes through the pupil, and gets focused by the lens onto the retina.
The retina contains light-sensitive cells called rods and cones that convert light into electrical signals, which are then sent to the brain for interpretation.

28
Q

what is Reflection/Refraction:

A

Reflection occurs when light bounces off a surface.
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, due to a change in its speed.
These phenomena play a crucial role in the formation of images in mirrors, lenses, and other optical devices.

29
Q

Parts of the Eye:

A

Cornea: The transparent outer covering that protects the eye and helps focus incoming light.
Pupil: The adjustable opening in the center of the iris that controls the amount of light entering the eye.
Lens: A flexible structure that changes shape to focus light onto the retina.
Retina: The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that contains rods and cones.
Optic Nerve: Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

30
Q

Images in the Eye:

A

The lens of the eye focuses the incoming light onto the retina, forming an inverted image.
The retina then converts the light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve.
The brain processes these signals and interprets them, resulting in the perception of a right-side-up image.

31
Q

Acids/Alkalis/Bases:

A

Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) in water and have a pH less than 7.
Alkalis (also called bases) are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and have a pH greater than 7.
Acids and alkalis can react with each other to form water and a salt in a process called neutralization.

32
Q

pH Scale:

A

The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.
Values below 7 indicate acidity, with lower values being more acidic, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity, with higher values being more alkaline.

33
Q

Chromatography

A

Chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of substances based on their different solubilities and interactions with a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
It is commonly used in scientific research, forensics, and chemical analysis to identify components in a mixture.

34
Q

Chlorophyll:

A

Chlorophyll is a pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis.
It absorbs red and blue light and reflects green light, which gives plants their characteristic green color.
Chlorophyll plays a vital role in converting light energy into chemical energy, enabling plants to produce glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis

Year 8 Science End Of Year (2 decks)

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