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everything Flashcards

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1
Q

what is an atom

A

smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as part of that element

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2
Q

what is dalton’s model of the atom

A

a solid sphere that can’t be divided into smaller parts

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3
Q

what is the plum pudding model of the atom

A

sphere of positive charge with negative electrons embedded in it

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4
Q

what did scientists discover in the alpha scattering experiment

A

some alpha particles were deflected by the gold foil this showed an atoms mass and positive charge must be concentrated in one small space - the nucleus

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5
Q

describe nuclear model of the atom

A

dense nucleus with electrons orbiting it

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6
Q

what did Niels Bohr discover

A

electrons orbit in fixed energy levels (shells)

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7
Q

what did James Chadwick discover

A

uncharged particle called the neutron

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8
Q

where are protons and neutrons

A

in the nucleus

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9
Q

what is the relative mass of each sub-atomic particle

A

proton = 1
neutron = 1
electron = 0 (very small)

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10
Q

what is the relative charge of each sub-atomic particle

A

proton = +1
neutron = 0
electron = -1

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11
Q

how can you find out the number of protons in an atom

A

atomic number on periodic table

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12
Q

how can you calculate no of neutrons in an atom

A

mass number - atomic number = neutrons

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13
Q

why do atoms have no overall charge

A

equal numbers of positive protons and negative electrons

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14
Q

how many electrons go in 1st, 2nd and 3rd shell

A

up to 2 in first shell
up to 8 in each of the second and third shells

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15
Q

what is an element

A

substance made of one type of atom

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16
Q

what is a compound

A

substance made of more than one type of atom chemically joined together

17
Q

what is a mixture

A

two or more substances not chemically combined

18
Q

what are isotopes

A

atoms of same element (same no of protons) with different no of neutrons

19
Q

what are the four physical processes that can be used to separate mixtures

A
  • filtration
  • crystallisation
  • simple/fractional distillation
  • chromatography
20
Q

what is relative mass

A

average mass of all the atoms of an element

gcse chem atomic structure (1 decks)

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