Everything Flashcards
what is a prelimary Graphic
They are the first peice of work a designer produces. thet are used to communitcare ideas and try out diffrent layouts and schemes.
Diffrent types of Preliminary graphics
Freehand sketches
Manual illistactions
Modelling
Planning charts
Market reascearch
DTP thumbnails, roughs and visuals
Preliminary graphics are created by
Designers
Architects
Model makers
Marketing and sales teams
Project managemt teams
what are the 3 Ps
Preliminary
Production
Promotional
What are Production grachics
They are used to show how to produce an item. they beed to be created to set standards so that they can be universally understood - if they have been created in the uk, they are laid out according to british standards. they also include any relevant technical detail and infomation in a title block
What are included in Production graphics
orthographic drawings
sections
exploded veiws
assemblies
surface developments
Diffrent types of plans
Location plans
site plans
floor plans
sections
who creates production graphics
Design enineers
Draughtsmen and women
Architects
what are promotional graphics
they are created to promote a product, company or service. these can be a mix of colours, graphics and text to create a visuallu appealing message.
the purpose of promotional graphics
they should entice customers to learn more about the service or product
provied potentail customers with an idea of that the finished construction project or item will look like amd appear less technical than production drawings
Easier to understand
promotional graphics include
Desktop publishing proofs
Illistractions
3D models
Animations
Graphs
Charts
Examoples of promotional graphics include
logos
Advertsing materials like brochures, catalouges, flyers and print ads
image creation for advertising materials and websites
who creates promotional graphics
graphic designers
graphic illustrators
printer’s
manual graphics include
sketches and drawings
useing a drawing board
advantages for manual graphics
Equipment is inexpensive
cannot be hacked
quick way of recording ideas or designs
easily produced ‘on site’
no risk of loss if file are corrputed or computers crash
disadvantages for manual graphics
each graphic must be drawn seperatly
modification can be difficult
lots of storage space needed
cannot immedietly be sent electronically
slower to produce
cannot be used to control manufacturing machinery
not friendly to enviroment - paper use
digital graphics include
any graphics created by technology
such as
digital sketching
cad modelling
desktop publishing
advantages for digital graphics
Drawing standards can be set in advance
drawings and images are easily modified
highly accurate
can use a cad library
uses little storage space
Cad models can be used for product testing
Access to a wide range of additional media
wide range of colour schemes and fonts
production is faster if user is trained with the equipment and software
disadvantages for digital graphics
initial investment is costly
training is required
viruses can destroy digital data
computers can crash - power cuts can result in loss of work
what are sectional veiws
they show the inside of an object as if it has been cut along a plane.
these are useful to show initerior details whioch woulkd be hard to see in the hidden details on an ordinary orthographic veiw. where the cut has taken place is shown bt the cutting plane
what are orthographic veiws
what are assembly drawings
they show how components with multiple parts are assembled together. these are useful to show overall dimensions of an object, how parts fit together and where the correct postition of compontents are
what is a exploded isometric
they are 3D pictoral veiws of assmebled objects where the parts have been EXPLODED - ie offset from one another along an axis so that all componets can be seen clearly.
Its useful when showingh how compontents fit together
What is BSI
british standards institute
the function of british standards
standards are a set of rules for doing things
they contains alot of info and can become cluttered
standards keep them tidy and consistent
everyone can understand them like a universal language
the thrird angle projection symbol is used to show what
the way the veiws are projected/laid out
the projection type used
the orientation of views
thick continuous line
Outline
what is an outline used for
to show visible outlines and edges of items
thin solid line
projection line
what is a projection line used for
to project sizes to diffrent veiws. also used for dimesion and leader lines
a thin chain line
centre line
what is a centre line used for
used to show the centre of items thta have an axis to show centres of symmerty
a thin dashed line
Hidden detail
what is a hidden line used for
to show hidden outlines and edges
a thick chain line with think ends
cutting plane
what is a cutting plane used for
used to show where a section has been created
a thin doubled dashed line
fold line
what is a fold line used for
used to show tyhe folds in a object that has been flattened into a 2D shape
A/F
across face
A/C
across corners
what are location plans used for and scale used
to identify the location of the new building within its surroundings as neighnouring buildings abd their boundries, roads, street names and feilds are all shown
scale 1:1250
what are site plans used for and scale used
they show the site boundary and outline of the new building
its shows ptahs, roads and neighbouring plots
dimensionsa are shown to allow the builder to mark out the site, lay drainage pipes and build manholes
scale 1:200 or 1:250
what are floor plan used for and scale used
it shows nthe arrangement of rooms, postitions of the windows and doors, the types of internal and external walls.
it is used by builders, plumbers, electritions and joiners to plan the build
scale 1:50 or 1:100
what do elevations show
they show the style of the building, the external appearance style of roof and positions of doors, windows, and chinmeys
blue circle sign with white exclamation mark
mandatory
the purpose of a mandatory sign
these signs show that action must be taken
a red circular band crossed with a diagonal band and a white background
prohibition
the purpose of a prohibition sign
a black symbol in the background shows the prohibition sign
a yellow triangle with a black border and excalamtion point in black
hazard
the purpose of a hazard sign
this sign shows there is a hazard
a green rectangle with a symbol or text
safe condition
the purpose of a safe condition sign
provides info about safe conditions
a red rectangle with symbol or text
fire equipment
the purpose of fire equipment sign
provides infomation about the location about the location of firefighting equipment
advantages of creating 2D CAD drawings over 3D CAD
no multiple components to assemble
fewer steps required
as the drawing is 2D (flat) there is no depth to produce
advantages of 3D CAD modelling
models can be manipulated to be veiwed around 360 degrees
more realistic than 2D CAD
depth is visible
can be imported into an eviroment
lighting effects can be applied to 3D models
can enable CAD/CAM
can be simulated and animated
Advantages of 3D CAD Illustration
allows the designer to apply materials, textures, light source, shadows and reflections to graphics
models look far more realistic
materials can be seen
light, shadow, reflection and highlights can be seen
colours are shown
better idea of how it might look in an enviroment
easier for non-graphics specialists to understand
