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Everyday Bias > Everyday bias > Flashcards

Everyday bias Flashcards

1
Q

Students were tested for their reactions to people of different weights using the __________ test, a computer based testing system.

A

IAT (Implicit Association Test)

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2
Q

Physicians with a normal _________ are more frequently reported discussing weight loss with patients than did overweight or obese physicians

A

BMI

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3
Q

United States, the quintessential _______________ a country in which virtually every person who is not of Native America origin comes from an immigrant heritage, anti-immigrant seal is at it’s highest level in generations

A

“Nation of immigrants”

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4
Q

True or False: All human beings have bias, possessing bias is part and parcel of being human.

A

True

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5
Q

True or False: To be biased is almost as normal as breathing.

A

True

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6
Q

True or False: The fact that somebody exhibits bias unconsciously does not change the impact of the behavior.

A

True

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7
Q

Interviews are subject to many unconscious biases based on any number of extraneous factors relating to the candidate being interviewed, the __________ and the ___________ in which the interview is being conducted

A

Interviewer

Environment

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8
Q

Students interviewed on _______ days tend to get lower ratings in their interviews that students on ________ days.

A

Rainy

Sunny

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9
Q

What we react to, are influenced by, and what we see or don’t see, are all determined by reactions that happen deep within our _______.

A

psyche

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10
Q

The comedian _______ built a whole career in the 1960s and 70s upon the punch line “the devil man me do it.”

A

Flip Wilson

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11
Q

True or False: Unconscious bias comes from social stereotypes, attitudes, opinions and stigma we form about certain groups of people outside of our own conscious awareness.

A

True

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12
Q

______ group- is the dominant or majority culture in a particular circumstance.

A

In

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13
Q

We are programmed to notice the potential _______ before we notice “friend.”

A

Threat

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14
Q

Cuddy, Fiske and Glick identified two forms of bias which are:

A

Warmth

Competence

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15
Q

Do you consider the person likeable and is it someone you would feel comfortable being around is an example of what kind of bias?

A

Warmth

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16
Q

If someone is classified as capable, skillful, intelligent and confident they would be considered what type of bias?

A

Competence

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17
Q

Plato described love as_____________.

A

Divine madness

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18
Q

_________________ is the part of the prefrontal cortex that processes risk and fear. It plays a major role in managing our emotional responses and decision making.

A

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

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19
Q

Often our first mental reaction comes from the ______________.

A

Amygdala

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20
Q

The _______________ is the most primary part of the brain.

A

Amygdala

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21
Q

There are two amygdalae in a normal human brain, each located within the ___________ lobes

A

Temporal

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22
Q

_________________ complex set of structures in the brain that control various important functions including emotion, long-term memory and behavior.

A

Limbic system

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23
Q

The amygdala is sensitive to ___________.

A

Fear

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24
Q

The _____________ scans what we are seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, or sensing with a particular sensitivity to circumstances or people that might be threatening.

A

amygdala

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25
Q

We are exposed to as many as __________ sensory triggers at any one time, yet we can only absorb 40 to 50.

A

11 million

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26
Q

The __________ processes the information, searches the data-base of memories to identify the catalyzing person object, or circumstance and figures out what it is.

A

Hippocampus

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27
Q

The _____________ serves as a traffic control system, which sends signals through the cingulate gurus and then the anterior cingulate cortex and tells the body how to respond.

A

Hypothalamus

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28
Q

Babies demonstrate preference for people of their own race when they are as little as ________ months old.

A

3

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29
Q

_____________ fear of “the other” that we see (anti-immigration).

A

Xenophobia

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30
Q

____________ biology of behavior

A

Ethology

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31
Q

______________ is the ability to attribute beliefs, intentions, wants, and knowledge to others and to understand when others have beliefs that are the same or different from our own.

A

Theory of mind

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32
Q

___________ relies more on the sensorimotor cortices as well as the limbic system.

A

Empathy

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33
Q

In _____ Abraham Maslow explored this notion when he published his now history paper, “A theory of human motivation.”

A

1943

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34
Q

_________________ suggests there are 5 levels of human needs that human beings strive for, and that it is difficult if not impossible for us to achieve one level without being satisfied that the one before it has been achieved.

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy

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35
Q

_____________ level refers to out physiological needs such as breathing, food, water, sleep, sex

A

Bottom

36
Q

Social triggers activity in the same region of the brain associated with ______________.

A

Physical pain

37
Q

Edward Tronick set up a situation in which parents were videotaped interacting with their children in normal ways, including talking, laughing, and playing. The parent was asked to freeze their facial expression and not react to the child. The child looked confused then tried to do whatever they could to get a reaction from the parent. What experiment is this?

A

Still Face Experiment

38
Q

The _________________ is the ability to formulate and use language, our sensory perceptions and our more conscious thinking which takes place in the prefrontal neocortex.

A

System two thinking or slow brain

39
Q

True or False: It takes far more energy to think consciously more blood flow and more glucose

A

True

40
Q

Our capacity to “see ourselves in action” almost always occurs in the _____________.

A

Prefrontal neocortex

41
Q

The ______________ helps consolidate information from short-term to long-term memory

A

Hippocampus

42
Q

_______________ helps us spread make decisions about things that we have been exposed to and enables us to “spread values across memories”

A

Hippocampus

43
Q

Jeff Hawkins believed that the neocortex connects with the hippocampus and the _________, which regulates consciousness and alertness, and matches what is being seen to what has been seen before in order to predict what it will mean for the future

A

Thalamus

44
Q

Every human being has a personality structure that is made of three basic parts (list 3):

A

ID
Ego
Superego

45
Q

___________ is our more impulsive, emotional function. It does have much in the way of values and standards, but much more in the way of wants and needs

A

ID

46
Q

_________ is the the civilizing facet of the personality structure, which “controls” the ID through various reminders of the book of rules that we have picked up during life

A

Superego

47
Q

_____________ has to manage between the conflicting voices of the ID and superego

A

Ego

48
Q

______________ or ______________-a mental process through which we selectively see some things but not others, depending upon our point of focus,or what we happen to be focusing on at a particular time

A

Selective attention or in attentional blindness

49
Q

Police officers spot potential criminal behavior in the midst of a crowd of thousands because their brains pick up on small_________________ that they have come to recognize as those related to criminals.

A

behavioral traits

50
Q

______________ blindness accounts for why certain diversity related behaviors might be obvious to some people and completely invisible to others

A

Selective attention/inattentional

51
Q

In _______ in-attentional blindness became an issue in a court case when Kenneth Conley, a boston police officer, was convicted of perjury and obstruction of justice

A

1995

52
Q

______________- the propensity to label people, ideas, or things based on our initial opinions

A

Diagnosis bias

53
Q

_______________- which is the tendency to sort and identify information based on prior experience or habit

A

Pattern recognition

54
Q

_________________- is a strong form of pattern recognition

A

Stereotyping

55
Q

_____________- is the inclination to imbue a person or thing with certain qualities based on initial perceived value

A

value attribution

56
Q

_______________- a tendency for people to gather information or respond to a circumstance in a way that confirms their already established beliefs or ideas

A

Confirmation bias

57
Q

_______________- is the implicit tendency to respond to something based on expectations created by a previous experience or association

A

Priming

58
Q

______________ or ____________- is the experience of anxiety or concern in a situation where a person has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their social group

A

Stereotype threat or internalized bias

59
Q

__________ or _____________- is the common tendency to rely too heavily or anchor on one trait or piece of information when making decisions

A

Anchoring bias or focalization

60
Q

______________ is definitely a core factor in all human relationships, one that operates at many different levels

A

Power

61
Q

______________- the ability to use positional force or dominance to get people to comply with your desire

A

Coercive Power

62
Q

___________-emerges when one has the ability to give another person things they want or to relieve people of things that they don’t want.

A

Reward Power

63
Q

_____________- this form of power comes from a real or perceived connection to some figure or figures of authority

A

Relational power

64
Q

________________- is the ability to mobilize or deny the mobilization of organizational, community or family resources even can have a huge influence over behavior and decision making

A

Resource control

65
Q

_______________- this kind of power comes with a real or perceived ability to provide expertise that is either limited or non-existent in a particular situation

A

Assumed or Demonstrated Expertise

66
Q

________________- is based on the access people have to inside information within an organization or a system

A

Informational power

67
Q

________________- people who generate power and influence simply by the force of their personalities

A

Personality power

68
Q

________________- small behaviors that may be slightly bothersome or even insignificant but they can make a larger impact than we realize, especially when they occur as part of a web of similar behaviors

A

Micro-behaviors

69
Q

People in ______________ positions may be unconsciously more susceptible to selfishness and reduced empathy, without ever realizing it

A

Power

70
Q

______________- or a hardening of the attitudes that not only accelerates righteousness, but creates an identification with our points of view that has those who believe otherwise appear to us as “the other” or “the enemy”

A

Psycho-sclerosis

71
Q

The ____________, the brains’s fear center, responds to information that threatens us.

A

Amygdala

72
Q

_____________- the capacity of the brain to form new neural connections that allow it to reorganize itself throughout our lives

A

Nueroplasticity

73
Q

what are the major areas of focus that can help us work our individual patterns of bias (6):

A
  1. recognize that bias is a normal part of the human experience
  2. Develop the capacity for self-observation
  3. Practice constructive uncertainty
  4. Explore awkwardness or discomfort
  5. Engage with people in groups you may not know very well, or about who, you harbor bias
  6. Get feedback and data
74
Q

_____________- is based on the notion that we unconsciously make associations much more quickly than we consciously make associations

A

The Stroop test

75
Q

_______________- which claims to be the first commercial online test of unconscious bias that reliably measures an individual’s risk of exhibiting biased behavior at work

A

ImplicitlyM

76
Q

____________________ is a steroid hormone that the human body releases during times of stress

A

Cortisol or hydrocortisone

77
Q

______________ combines with adrenaline to help create memories of shorter-term emotional events.

A

Cortisol

78
Q

Various _________ and meditation practices reduce the level of cortisol that is released into the body, quieting the nervous system response

A

Mindfulness

79
Q

What is the acronym of PAUSE?

A

P-pay attention to what’s is beneath judgement/assessments
A-Acknowledge your own reactions, interpretations, judgements
U-Understand other possible reactions, interpretations, judgements may be possible
S-Search for the most constructive, empowering or productive wat to deal with the situation
E-execute your action plan

80
Q

___________- can help us be more thoughtful and help disengage some ot the automaticity of our biases

A

PAUSE

81
Q

“The way we’ve always done them in the past” is an example of?

A

Status quo

82
Q

______________ can create a sense of disproportionality in some of ways we relate to people and circumstances around us.

A

Primacy bias

83
Q

_____________ occurs when we are drawn to deal with the most recent challenge rather than focusing on the big picture

A

Recency bias

84
Q

A ______________ is the small flap that is often on the edge of the rudder of a large ship or airplane.

A

Trim tab

85
Q

The _________________ is when Elliott Aronson found children with strongly enriched attitudes. He have groups of children tasks that required interdependency for the children to be successful. They couldn’t complete the jigsaw puzzle without working together.

A

Jigsaw classroom

86
Q

____________ people either overly positive or negative in our memory.

A

Halo/horn effect

Everyday Bias (1 decks)

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