Every Flashcards
What happens when alkali metals react with water?
The metal creates alkali as it reacts water (purple with universal indicator)
The metal with water creates hydrogen
The metal floats, moves and fizzes.
What happens when alkali metals react with sodium?
In addition this moves quicker and has a ball shape
What happens when alkali metals react with potassium?
In addition it moves quickly and has a lilac flame.
What are the properties of alkali metals and what group are they in?
GROUP 1
1 electron on the outer shell
All metals look DULL on the outside
Over a short period of time a LAYER of oxide makes the metal LOOKS DULL.
The INSIDE of every metal is SHINY
It is possible to CUT every metal with a KNIFE
They are kept in OIL to prevent them from reacting with oxygen and moisture in the AIR
Their DENSITY is low therefore most FLOAT
The BOILING point and MELTING point are LOWER than many other metals
What do halogens react with?
Group 1 metals and salts
How many ______ does a halogen have on the outer shell?
7 electrons
What colour and types are these group 1 elements:
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Chlorine - yellow green gas
Bromine - orange red liquid
Iodine - shiny grey solid
State properties of halogens
They create white solids
The halogens become less reactive down the group
Name the results of the flame test for these three halogen metals:
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Lithium - red
Sodium - yellow/orange
Potassium - lilac
What is the results of the silver nitrate test with these three non metals in group 1?
Chloride
Bromide
Iodine
Chloride - white
Bromide - cream
Iodide - yellow
How reactive do group 1 metals become as they go down the group?
Group 1 metals become more reactive down the group
How reactive does halogens get as you go down the group?
Group 7 non-metals become less reactive down the group
How do group 1 metals react?
They lose 1 electron
How does group 7 non metals react?
By gaining 1 electron
What is an atomic structure?
Atoms contain a nucleus and electrons
The small central nucleus is made of protons and neutrons
Around these are orbits of electrons
What is different with different elements?
The number of protons
What is the same for some elements?
Neutrons
What is the same when atoms have bonded?
Electron number
What are the physical properties of metals?
Conduct electricity Conduct heat High melting & boiling point Malleable Ductile
What is the physical properties of non metals?
Does not conduct electricity Does not conduct heat Low melting/boiling point Not malleable Not ductile
What does atoms have?
No charge
What charge does the following have?:
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons - positively charged (+)
Electrons - negatively charged (-)
Neutrons - do not have a charge (0)
What does an ion have?
An uneven number of protons and electrons
This happens when an electron is lost
Or when an electron is gained
The proton number does not change
What is the atomic number in this element?
7
Li
3
3
The number in the bottom which means the number of protons or electrons
The number increases across the periodic table
What is the mass number in this element?
7
Li
3
7
Number on the top which means the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is the neutron number?
The number of neutrons in and atom is worked out by subtracting the number of protons (atomic number) from the mass number
What happens when an alkali metal reacts with oxygen and water?
Oxygen causes the surface of the metal to turn dull by forming a layer of oxide.
The oxide layer forms quicker as we go down the group
