Events Leading Up To The Restoration Flashcards
What problems did Richard face?
- Simply wasn’t well equipped for such responsibility
- Didn’t have his fathers natural command of the army or good education
- The protectorate was in debt and owed army £900,000
What divisions did Richard face? The army Conservative cromwellians Sectaries Rumpers Royalists
The army - hoped to return to instrument of gov with a standing army
Conservative cromwellians - hoped for a continuation of humble petition and advice and to maintain parliaments power
Sectaries - freedom of conscience
Rumpers - return of commonwealth
Royalists - hoped for a failure of current system so they could reinstate the monarchy
When did the army council recall the rump?
5th may 1659
When was the third protectorate parliament?
January to April 1659
What happened during the 3rd protectorate parliament?
- Recognised Richard as LP by 223 votes for and 134 against
- Division emerged over whether to return to the commonwealth or maintain protectorate
Why was the 3rd protectorate parliament dissolved?
22nd April
Fleetwood and Desborough recognised their loss of power so demand that Cromwell dissolve it
When did Cromwell resign?
25th May 1659
Describe the relationship between the rump and the army?
Both the rump and the army perceive one another as a regrettable necessity - the army needed the rump to mask what was otherwise naked arbitrary rule, whilst the rump needed the army to maintain control
Booths rising
BOOTHS RISING
August 1659
Sir George Booth held large parts of the country in defiance of the rump though did not openly advocate charles’ return
HASELRIG vs LAMBERT
The battle of the rump vs the army essentially came to these two men.
Lambert issues a petition to the upper house to limit the political power of the rump - in response, Haselrig attempted to remove him
Lamberts regiments occupied London and forcefully dismissed the rump in the 13th October 1659
The Committee of Safety
26th October 1659
Essentially created to mask the army’s unwillingness to concede power to parliament
What did the rump do after their dismissal?
The Rump were desperate for power so called on George Rump, a pragmatic ex-royalist who was eager for settlement
What did Monck do?
He took London (in the name of parliament) on the 3rd February 1660 overcoming Lambert’s troops with ease. Monck soon gained the support of the navy, and the army’s power was no longer viable
What did lambert do in 1660?
Made a final attempt to save the republican cause - but very few were willing to challenge Monck. Ironically, they were then defeated at Edgehill
Declaration of Breda
A proclamation by Charles II issued on 4th April 1660 in which he issued a general pardon for the crimes of the civil war, offered religious toleration and promised to pay the army
The declaration essentially facilitated his return to the throne
