Evaluations Flashcards

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1
Q

Freud

A

Strengths:

  • Case studies useful in revealing + treating abnormal behaviours bc. long period of time
  • Relationship between H + father reveals lots more info thus data = more valid

Weaknesses:

  • Small sample thus can’t generalise
  • Freud’s interpretation of father’s interpretation thus less objective bc. father believed in Freud’s concepts; biased
  • Leading qs = demand characteristics (thus less accurate)
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2
Q

Piliavin

A

Strengths:

  • High in ecological validity
  • Large sample size thus results can be generalised to all New Yorkers

Weaknesses:

  • Ethics (deceit; consent)
  • Lack of control over confounding variables
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3
Q

Milgram

A

Strengths:

  • Amount of control
  • Both qualitative and quantitative data

Weaknesses:

  • Ethics (deceit)
  • Inadequate protection
  • Unrepresentative sample (androcentric)
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4
Q

Reicher and Haslam

A

Strengths:

  • High control (all 15 similar mentally & physically)
  • Full consent & screened beforehand for protection

Weaknesses:

  • Aware of observation thus demand characteristics? (invalidity) but couldn’t fake for such a long time
  • No real inequalities of resources and power
  • Androcentric sample thus unrepresentative and can’t be generalised to women
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5
Q

Sperry

A

Strengths:

  • Mixture of quasi and case study
  • Combined qual. and quant. data
  • Reliable

Weaknesses:

  • Small sample
  • Some patients more deconnected than others
  • Valid control group could have been epileptics without deconnection
  • Lack ecological validity (person would usually have use of both eyes moving)
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6
Q

Dement and Kleitman

A

Strengths:
- Control

Weaknesses:

  • Lack of ecological validity
  • Small sample (9)
  • Other studies do not support findings of relationship between eye movement and dream content
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7
Q

Maguire

A

Strenghts:

  • Correlational analysis shows a strong positive link
  • MRI - quant. data
  • Lack of demand characteristics
  • Ethically sound (consent)
  • Many controls

Weaknesses:

  • Hard to conclude from quasi experiments
  • Not ecologically valid (MRI)
  • MRI = costly
  • All male sample
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8
Q

Griffiths

A

S:

  • Lots of data collected of both types
  • Useful way of assessing private thoughts
  • Ecological validity

W:

  • Issue w/ inter-rater reliability of coding scheme
  • Demand characteristics
  • Unrepresentative sample (volunteer/snowball)
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9
Q

Thigpen and Cleckley

A

S:

  • Case study = detail
  • Both types of data

W:

  • Small sample
  • Retrospective
  • Bias from close relationship
  • Ethical issues (protection)
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10
Q

Rosenhan

A

S;

  • Participant observation = experience from patient’s perspective
  • Field experiment = ecologically valid
  • Range of hospitals = generalised results

W:

  • Ethics (deceived)
  • Too harsh as better for hospitals to make type 2 error
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11
Q

Bandura

A

S:

  • Control over variables
  • Standardised procedure thus replicable
  • Quant. data

W:

  • Lack of ecological validity
  • snapshot study
  • behaviour could just have been play bc they knew there was no consequences
  • unethical (no protection)
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12
Q

Samuel and Bryant

A
  • Counted the number of counters thus high accuracy could be because of that
  • Nerves could lead to more spontaneous responses than thought-through
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13
Q

Samuel and Bryant

A

S:

  • Longitudinal case study = lots of data
  • High in ecological validity bc. freedom of movement but not natural environment
  • Rigourous data collection means less likely to be biased
  • Both types of data

W:
- Ethics (lack of protect/withdrawal)
-

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