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Parturition > Evaluation of the pelvis > Flashcards

Evaluation of the pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Greater pelvis: superior pelvic girdle or inferior pelvic girdle?

A

Superior pelvic girdle

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2
Q

Inferior pelvic girdle: greater pelvis or lesser pelvis?

A

Lesser pelvis

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3
Q

Superior pelvic girdle: abdominal viscera or pelvic viscera?

A

Abdominal viscera

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4
Q

What is the area between the thighs and the buttocks?

A

Perineum

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5
Q

What are the three bones that form the pelvic girdle?

A

Right and left pelvic (innominate) bones and sacrum

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6
Q

What are the three bones that fuse to form the coxal bones?

A

Ilium, ischium, pubis

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7
Q

How many bones fuse to form the sacrum?

A

Five

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8
Q

What is the cup-like depression in the lateral surface of the hip bone, which articulates with the head of the femur?

A

Acetabulum

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9
Q

When does the ischium, ilium and pubis fuse?

A

After puberty

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10
Q

The two innominate bones are joined anteriorly at which structure?

A

Pubis symphysis

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11
Q

Which joints articulate the sacrum with the innominate bones?

A

Sacroiliac joints

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12
Q

Which part of the innominate bone is superior and fan-shaped?

A

Ilium

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13
Q

What part of the ilium represents the spread of the fan?

A

Ala

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14
Q

What part of the ilium represents the handle of the fan?

A

Body

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15
Q

Which part of the ilium has a curve that follows the contour of the ala between the ASIS and the PSIS?

A

Iliac crest

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16
Q

Which parts of the innominate bones form the obsturator foramen?

A

Ischium and pubis

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17
Q

Ischial spine: anterior or posterior?

A

Posterior

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18
Q

What is the concavity between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity?

A

Lesser sciatic notch

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19
Q

Which concavity is above the ischial spine?

A

Greater sciatic notch

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20
Q

Greater pelvis: true pelvis or false pelvis?

A

False

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21
Q

Which plane divides the pelvis into greater and lesser?

A

Pelvic inlet

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22
Q

The following are true about the innominate bone except:

a. It is composed of the ilium, ischium and coccyx
b. Highest bone is the ilium
c. Anterior joint is the pubic symphysis
d. Posterior joint is the sacroiliac synchondroses

A

A

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23
Q

The shortest distance is the pelvic cavity is between the:

a. Linea terminalis
b. Ischial tuberosity
c. Ischial spines
d. Sacral promontory and symphysis pubis

A

C

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24
Q

The linea terminalis consists of which ridges?

A

Arcuate line, pecten pubis, pubic crest

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25
Q

What forms the pubic arch?

A

Right and left ischiopubic rami

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26
Q

The ischiopubic rami meet at which point?

A

Pubic symphysis

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27
Q

The inferior borders of the of the pubic symphysis define which angle?

A

Subpubic angle

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28
Q

The pubis symphysis joins which bones together?

A

Right and left innominate bones

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29
Q

The sacroiliac synchondroses join which bones together?

A

Innominate bones and sacrum

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30
Q

The linea terminalis separates which pelvic divisions?

A

False and true pelvis

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31
Q

A straight line drawn from the promontory to the tip of the sacrum usually measures how many cm?

A

10

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32
Q

The distance between the promontory of the sacrum to its tip along the concavity is how many cm?

A

12

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33
Q

The pubic symphysis consists of which type of tissue?

A

Fibrocartilage

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34
Q

The displacement of the sacroiliac joint is greatest in which position?

A

Dorsal lithotomy position

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35
Q

The sacroiliac joint glides (upward/downward).

A

Upward

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36
Q

True regarding the midpelvis, EXCEPT:

A. Clinical estimation of its capacity by any form of direct measurement is not possible.

B. It is the plane of least pelvic dimensions

C. It is measured at the level of the ischial spines

D. It is important following internal rotation of the fetal head during obstructed labor

A

D

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37
Q

True regarding the pelvic inlet, EXCEPT:

A. The transverse diameter is constructed at right angles to the obstetrical conjugate

B. The obstetrical conjugate can be measured directly by the examining fingers

C. Its posterior boundaries are the promontory and the alae of the sacrum

D. It is bounded laterally by the linea terminalis

A

B

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38
Q 
The true and false pelvis is demarcated by
A.	Linea terminalis
B.	Arcuate line anteriorly
C.	Sacroiliac line posteriorly
D.	Iliopectineal line
A

A

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39
Q

How can you evaluate the transverse diameter of the pelvic inlet?
A. Clinical or manual measurement
B. Imaging
C. Subtract 1.5-2cm from the diagonal conjugate
D. Caput formation in the baby

A

B

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40
Q

True of the anthropoid pelvis except:

A. Sacrum is inclined posteriorly/backward
B. Anteroposterior is greater than transverse diameter by >= 3cm
C. Anteroposterior is lesser than transverse diameter by >= 3cm
D. Ischial spines are not prominent

A

C

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41
Q

What is the superior strait?

A

The plane of the pelvic inlet or superior plane of the true pelvis

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42
Q

What is the inferior strait?

A

The plane of the pelvic outlet

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43
Q

Which is the plane with the least pelvic dimensions?

A

Plane of the midpelvis

44
Q

Which plane is of no obstetrical significance?

A

Plane of greatest pelvic dimensions

45
Q

During labor, fetal head engagement is defined by the fetal head’s biparietal diameter passing through which plane?

A

Superior strait or pelvic inlet or superior plane of the true pelvis

46
Q

Which four diameters of the pelvic inlet are usually described?

A

Anteroposterior, transverse and two oblique diameters

47
Q

The anteroposterior diameter is also called what?

A

True (obstetrical) conjugate

48
Q

Which diameter is from one sacroiliac synchondroses to the contralateral iliopubic eminence?

A

Oblique diameter

49
Q

Which diameter is from the sacral promontory to the superior part of the symphysis pubis?

A

Anteroposterior diameter or true (obstetrical) conjugate

50
Q

Which pelvic inlet diameter is most cephalad?

A

Anteroposterior diameter or true (obstetrical) conjugate

51
Q

Which diameter forms right angles with the true conjugate?

A

Transverse diameter

52
Q

How many cm does the true conjugate measure?

A

> = 10 cm

53
Q

How long is the transverse diameter?

A

approximately 12 cm

54
Q

Which is the shortest distance between the sacral promontory and the symphysis pubis?

A

Anteroposterior diameter or true (obstetrical) conjugate

55
Q

What is the diameter between the linea terminalis?

A

Transverse diameter

56
Q

The midpelvis is measured at the level of which structure?

A

Ischial spines

57
Q

Which is the smallest pelvic diameter?

A

That between the two ischial spines

58
Q

Which diameter is between the symphysis pubis and the tip of the sacral, at the level of the ischial spines?

A

Anteroposterior diameter of the midpelvis (APM)

59
Q

Which diameter is between the sacrum and the line created by the interspinous diameter?

A

Posterior sagittal diameter of the midpelvis (PSM)

60
Q

Which diameter is between the undersurface of the symphysis pubis and the tip of the sacrum?

A

Anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic outlet (APO)

61
Q

Which diameter is between the tip of the sacrum and the line of the intertuberous diameter?

A

Posterior sagittal diameter (PSO)

62
Q

How long is the interspinous diameter?

A

> 10cm

63
Q

How long is the APM?

A

11.5 cm

64
Q

How long is the PSM?

A

4 cm

65
Q

How long is the APO?

A

11.5 cm

66
Q

How long is the PSO?

A

7.5 cm

67
Q

How long is the IT diameter?

A

11 cm

68
Q

What is the diameter between the two ischial tuberosities?

A

Intertuberous (IT) diameter

69
Q

What is the APO?

A

The diameter between the tip of the sacrum ang the underside of the pubic symphysis

70
Q

What is the PSM?

A

The diameter between the sacrum to the line formed by the interspinous diameter

71
Q

What is the true conjugate?

A

The diameter between the sacral promontory to the superior part of the symphysis pubis

72
Q

What is the APM?

A

The diameter between the tip of the sacrum and the superior part of the symphysis pubis, on the level of the ischial spines

73
Q

What is the PSO?

A

The diameter between the tip of the sacrum and the line formed by the IT diameter

74
Q

What is the interspinous diameter?

A

The diameter between the two ischial spines

75
Q

What is the intertuberous diameter?

A

The diameter between the two ischial tuberosities

76
Q

What is the oblique diameter?

A

The diameter between one sacroiliac synchondrosis and the contralateral iliopubic eminence

77
Q

What is the transverse diameter?

A

The diameter between the linea terminalis

78
Q

Which diameter is significant to the classification of pelvises?

A

Transverse diameter

79
Q

What are the four basic types of pelvises?

A

Gynecoid, android, anthropoid, platypelloid

80
Q

Determines the type of pelvis: posterior segment or anterior segment?

A

Posterior segment

81
Q

The anterior segment determines: type of pelvis or tendency?

A

Tendency

82
Q
  1. What is the AP diameter of the pelvic inlet which we measure clinically?
A

Diagonal conjugate

83
Q

What is the uppermost bone that makes up the inominate bone?

A

Ilium

84
Q

What plane of the pelvis is of particular importance in engagement of fetal head following obstructed labor?

a. Inlet
b. Midplane
c. Outlet
d. False pelvis

A

B

85
Q

What is the smallest diameter of the pelvis

a. Intertuberous
b. Interspinous
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Diagonal conjugate

A

B

86
Q

How to measure the transverse diameter of pelvic inlet?

a. Clinical/measured pelvimetry
b. Radiological pelvimetry (X-ray)
c. 1.5-2.0 less than diagonal

A

B

87
Q

Justification for placing patients in dorsal lithotomy position during 2nd stage of labor. Dorsal lithotomy position to increase:

a. Pelvic outlet by 1-2cm
b. Pelvic inlet by 2-4cm
c. Pelvic midplane
d. Pelvic inlet by 3-5cm

A

A

88
Q

Justification for placing patients in dorsal lithotomy position during 2nd stage of labor. Dorsal lithotomy position increases pelvic outlet by:

a. Upward gliding of sacroiliac joint
b. Anterior displacement of coccyx
c. Posterior displacement of sacrum
d. Widening of symphysis pubis

A

A

89
Q 
Prominent ischial spines, convergent sidewalls, and shallow sacrum were noted on clinical pelvimetry. Which pelvic plane is contracted?
A. Inlet
B. Midplane
C. Inlet and midplane
D. Midplane and outlet
A

B

90
Q

True statements about the increase in width of the symphisis pubis:
A. Occurs more in primigravidas than multiparas
B. Returns to normal soon after delivery
C. Permanent change in multiparas
D. Permanent change in primigravidas

A

B

91
Q 
Type of pelvis with round inlet
A. Anthropoid
B. Android
C. Gynecoid
D. Platypeloid
A

C

92
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

A

93
Q

True about pelvic inlet EXCEPT:

a. Bounded posteriorly by promontory and alae of sacrum
b. Bounded anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami and symphysis pubis
c. DC is from upper margin of pubic rami to promontory
d. OC normally measure 10 cm or more

A

C

94
Q

True about pelvic inlet EXCEPT:

a. Bounded posteriorly by promontory and alae of sacrum
b. Bounded anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami and symphysis pubis
c. DC is from upper margin of pubic rami to promontory
d. OC normally measure 10 cm or more

A

*

95
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

96
Q

True about pelvic inlet EXCEPT:

a. Bounded posteriorly by promontory and alae of sacrum
b. Bounded anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami and symphysis pubis
c. DC is from upper margin of pubic rami to promontory
d. OC normally measure 10 cm or more

A

*

97
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

98
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

99
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

100
Q

True about pelvic inlet EXCEPT:

a. Bounded posteriorly by promontory and alae of sacrum
b. Bounded anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami and symphysis pubis
c. DC is from upper margin of pubic rami to promontory
d. OC normally measure 10 cm or more

A

*

101
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

102
Q

True about pelvic inlet EXCEPT:

a. Bounded posteriorly by promontory and alae of sacrum
b. Bounded anteriorly by horizontal pubic rami and symphysis pubis
c. DC is from upper margin of pubic rami to promontory
d. OC normally measure 10 cm or more

A

*

103
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

104
Q

Shortest Distance between the sacral promontory and pubic symphysis

a. True conjugate
b. Diagonal conjugate
c. Obstetric conjugate
d. Interspinous diameter

A

*

105
Q

What plane of the pelvis is of particular importance in engagement of fetal head following obstructed labor?

a. Inlet
b. Midplane
c. Outlet
d. False pelvis

A

A

Parturition (6 decks)

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