Evaluation of Diagnostic Aids Flashcards
Historically, oral cancer detection has been based on _______ _______ ______.
conventional oral examination (COE)
-visual and tactile
Nearly all cases of ______ arise from precursor epithelial changes.
OSCC
What do most cases of OSCC arise from?
precursor epithelial changes (oral epithelial dysplasia)
What is oral epithelial dysplasia?
maturational disturbances of epithelial cells
-histopathological marker of premalignancy
What proportion of the epithelium stains dark (dysplastic) in a sample of normal tissue? Mild Dysplasia? Severe dysplasia? Carcinoma in-situ?
Normal: 1/3
Mild: 1/2
Severe: 3/4
In-situ: entire thickness
True or False: Overall, COE has a good sensitivity and specificity.
True
What is the sensitivity percentage for COE? the specificity for COE?
sensitivity: 85%
specificity: 97%
True or False: Trained auxiliaries are as accurate as dental practitioners in detecting oral cancer.
True
What are three limitations of COE?
- Many common mimics of cancerous and precancerous lesions
- Cannot determine which lesions will progress to cancer
- Precancerous lesions have been found in normal mucosa
What is a “screening test?”
test used on people apparently free of disease in order to detect the disease in early stages
A ______ test is used to analyze abnormal clinical findings or symptomatic patient in order to establish or suggest dianosis.
case-finding test
Of the discussed diagnostic aids, which one is a case-finding test?
Brush Test Oral CDx (previously “brush biopsy”)
What is the indication for the Brush Test Oral CDx?
“to test the common, small, harmless-appearing white or red tissue spots” that are found on clinical examination.
True or False: The Brush Test provides a diagnosis based on cell culture.
False, does NOT provide a diagnosis. Only 1 of 4 “results”
What are the four results that are provided by Brush Test?
Incomplete Specimen (not enough cells)
Negative (no precancerous cells)
Atypical (abnormal cells)
Positive (dysplastic cells)
P.A.I.N…as in, this stuff is a pain to study
The Brush Test has recorded several false _____ results.
negative