Evaluation 7 Flashcards
[Unit 7] In the network layer, the Internet can be viewed as a collection of networks or _______________ that are interconnected. There is no real structure, but several major backbones exist. These are constructed from high-bandwidth lines and fast routers. The biggest of these backbones, to which everyone else connects to reach the rest of the Internet. (Do NOT write an acronym.)
Autonomous Systems
[Unit 7] Since the prefix length cannot be inferred from the IP address alone, routing protocols must carry the prefixes to routers. Sometimes prefixes are simply described by their length, as in a ‘‘/16’’ which is pronounced ‘‘slash 16.’’ The length of the prefix corresponds to a binary mask of 1s in the network portion. What is this mask called?
subnet mask
[Unit 7] There are five goals of Mobile IP. Write one of the goals.
No overhead for mobile host at home
[Unit 7] Handling the general case of making two different networks interwork is exceedingly difficult. However, there is a common special case that is manageable even for different network protocols. This case is where the source and destination hosts are on the same type of network, but there is a different network in between. What technique is used to handle a connection between different networks?
tunneling
[Unit 7] Each network or link imposes some maximum size on its packets. These limits have various causes among many issues. What is NOT an issue?
addressing
[Unit 7] Each IP packet is sent with its header bits set to indicate that no fragmentation is allowed to be performed. If a router receives a packet that is too large, it generates an error packet, returns it to the source, and drops the packet. What is this strategy called?
path MTU discovery
[Unit 7] There are five optional fields for the IP version 4 protocol. What is NOT an optional field?
control
[Unit 7] The problem of running out of IP addresses is not a theoretical one that might occur at some point in the distant future. It is happening right here and right now. The long-term solution is for the whole Internet to migrate to IPv6, which has 128-bit addresses. This transition is slowly occurring, but it will be years before the process is complete. To get by in the meantime, a quick fix was needed. The quick fix that is widely used today came in the form of ______________.
network address translation
[Unit 7] Each router that is connected to two or more areas is called a(n) ___________. It must also be part of the backbone.
[Unit 7] the Internet is made up of a large number of independent networks that are operated by different organizations, usually a company, university, or ISP. Inside of its own network, an organization can use its own algorithm for internal routing, or ________________.
intradomain routing
