Evaluating the multi-store model Flashcards
What are the strengths of the MSM?
- The evidence that has been presented previously.
- The model includes both structure and process.
- The MSMs predictions are testable.
What studies suggest that STM and LTM are not unitary?
Shallice and Warrington (1970) studied KF, who could process verbal information in STM but could understand visual information in STM. Showing STM wasn’t unitary.
Schachter et al (2000) suggested four types of LTM in light of studies on amnesia patients. Semantic, Episodic, Procedural, and PRS. Showing LTM wasn’t unitary.
Spiers et al (2001) studied 147 amnesia patients and found PRS and procedural memory intact, but Semantic and Episodic were not. Showing LTM wasn’t unitary.
What studies suggested other types of encoding?
Craik and Lockhard (1972) proposed that active processing made more enduring memories than maintenance rehearsal.
Craik and Tulving (1975) had participants try and remember nouns, each was accompanied by a shallow question (capital present?) or phonemic (rhyme?) or semantic (is it a?). Participants remembered most from semantic than shallow, showing elaborative rehearsal enhanced memory more. This caused elaborative rehearsal to replace maintenance rehearsal in the MSM.
Glenberg et al (1977) showed that maintenance rehearsal does have some effect on making enduring memories.
What studies are there on the separation of STM and LTM.
Logie (1999) points out STM chucking relies on LTM ideas to make meaningful chunks.
Ruchkin et al (2003) did a study showing that brain activity was higher when words were real, indicating that other areas of the brain, including the LTM were involved. He concluded that STM was just a part of LTM which activates.
