European history

Question 1

ancien regime and challenges

Answer 1

-until 1789
-Enlightenment, Rousseau’s social contract, catholicism, raise of taxation

Question 2

French Revolution

Answer 2

1789-1799

Question 3

declaration of rights of men and citizen

Answer 3

1789
legal equality, popular sovereignty, popular participation in making law

Question 4

phases of governing after 1789

Answer 4

-constitutional monarchy 1789-1792
-republic 1792-1795
-directory phase 1795-1799

Question 5

phases of revolution

Answer 5

-meeting of estate-generals
-declaration of National Assembly
-storming of Bastille 1789 - declaration of rights
-war against Germany in 1792
-king execution in 1793
-radical-directory phases

Question 6

Napoleon on the throne

Answer 6

-from 3-man consulate to emperor in 1804
-until defeat of Waterloo in 1815
-attempt to expand the empire

Question 7

napoleonic rule

Answer 7

1804
nobility, censorship, persecution, freedom of religion, equality before the law

Question 8

congress of Vienna

Answer 8

1815

Question 9

1st wave of revolutions

Answer 9

1830
success in Greece-Belgium
failure in Poland

Question 10

year of barricades, rise of nationalism

Answer 10

1848
Paris (Napoleon II, no constitution)
Prussia (constitution, no German unification)
Austria (Franz Joseph, constitution)

Question 11

industrial revolution

Answer 11

Britain 1780-1820s
Northern Europe 1840-1870s
rest of Europe 1890s

Question 12

abolition of serfdom in Europe

Answer 12

between 1807-1848
final act of the congress

Question 13

abolition serfdom in Russia

Answer 13

-Pugacheved revolt 1770s
-peasants revolt 1848-1854
-crimean war 1854-1856
-emancipation edict 1861

Question 14

Russian expansion

Answer 14

south: between black/Caspian Sea
east: Amur region
west: Moldavia, crimean war
attempt to unify orthodox and slavic countries

Question 15

unification of Italy

Answer 15

-1820s rise of nationalism
-Mazzini and Garibaldi vs count Cavour
-alliance with France and Napoleon II
-war against Austria (battle of Solferino)
-king Victor Emmanuel in 1861

Question 16

unification of Germany

Answer 16

-meeting of monarchs in 1863
-small Germany to exclude Austria
-chancellor Bismarck
-Danish-Prussian war 1864
-Austro-Prussian war 1866
-Franco-Prussian war 1870
-emperor William I of Prussia in 1871

Question 17

colonial expansion and resistance

Answer 17

1870-1916 in Asia and Africa
indian mutiny 1857-1858

Question 18

religious emancipation

Answer 18

Christians and Pope Pius IX
jewish experience in west/east Europe
muslim diaspora in Ottoman Empire

Question 19

parliamentarisation

Answer 19

1789-1918
UK in 17th cent
Germany in 1871
Austria in 1867
Russia in 1905

Question 20

rival empires until 1914

Answer 20

Ottoman empire, Austria-Hungarian empire, Russian empire

Question 21

1st wave of risings in the Balkans

Answer 21

-1870s Bosnia-Herzegovina (repressed)
-1876 Bulgaria (repressed)
-1878 congress of Berlin

Question 22

2nd wave of risings in Balkans

Answer 22

-1903 Serbia (coup to replace the king)
-1908 Bosnia (annexed to Austrian empire)

Question 23

balkan wars

Answer 23

-1912 against Ottoman Empire , victory of Balkan league, independence of Albania
-1913 against Bulgaria, muslim emigration to Ottoman Empire

Question 24

origins of WW1

Answer 24

Paris peace treaty
new European order
triple alliance 1882 - triple entente 1904
colonial ambitions
nationalism and revenges

Question 25

outbreak of WW1

Answer 25

-28 June 1914 assassination of Franz Ferdinand
-23 July ultimatum to Serbia from Austria
-3 August Germany invasion of France, Britain joined

Question 26

Russian revolution

Answer 26

-1905 peasants revolution, concession of Duma
-defeat of Russian troops in east Prussia
-1917 winter revolution, abdication of Tsar, provisional Menshevik government
-1917 October revolution, Bolshevik took power, URSS