European Exploration

Question 1

What are the motives for European Exploration? (6)

Answer 1

1. Crusades - by-pass intermediaries to get to Asia
2. Renaissance - curiosity about other land & people
3. Reformation - refugees & missionaries
4. Monarchs seeking new sources of revenue
5. Technological advances
6. Fortune & Fame

Question 2

What are the 4 new maritime technologies

Answer 2

-Better Maps (portulan)
-Sextant
-Compass
-Astrolobe

Question 3

Who was Vasco de Gama?

Answer 3

-First explorer to reach India, using a sea route.
-Portuguese established a colonial empire
-Had a monopoly on spice trade

Question 4

Who was Robert Clive?

Answer 4

-British Officer
-was the foundation of the British Raj
-Supremacy of British East India Company (BEIC)

Question 5

Who was Christopher Columbus?

Answer 5

Italian explorer who completed four Spanish based voyages across the Atlantic Ocean

Question 6

Who was Samuel de Champlain?

Answer 6

-French Navigator who explored North America.
-Founded Quebec & established a settlement there
-Had dealings with Indigenous groups

Question 7

The First Spanish Conquests:
Who conquered the Inca territory?

Answer 7

Francisco Pizarro.
-Captured & killed the Inca leader
-Claimed lands for Spain

Question 8

What were the 4 main impacts of European Expansion?

Answer 8

1. Native Populations ravaged by disease
2. Influx of gold & silver, into Europe
3. New products introduced across the continents
4. Deepened colonial rivalries

Question 9

What was the silk road?

Answer 9

-Network of trade routes, not one single road
-From China to the Mediterranean
-Trade in Chinese silk, giving it the name
-Led to development of many economies

Question 10

Who was Marco Polo?

Answer 10

-Merchant traveller from Venice who explored central Asia and China
-Wrote a book about his travels “The Travels of Marco Polo” aka “The Book of the Marvels of the world”
-Authenticity of his travels and even his existence is debated
-His book introduced Europeans to the wonders of Asia

Question 11

Define Romanticism

Answer 11

deal with or describe in an idealized or unrealistic fashion; make (something) seem better or more appealing than it really is

Question 12

Define Mercantilism

Answer 12

A system of how economic nationalism that sought to increase prosperity & power of a nation
Mercantile: relating to merchants/trade
Ideology: system/ideas for how we should live, who we are, how our groups should function

Question 13

What was the goal of mercantilism?

Answer 13

accumulate reserves through trade

Question 14

What was compared to determine the wealth of a country?

Answer 14

The amount of metals and bullion it possessed.
Bullion: gold or silver before coining

Question 15

How does Mercantilism work between the mother country and the colonies?

Answer 15

Colonies would give the mother country goods like gold, silver, fur, lumber, etc. When in return, the mother country would give the colonies manufactured goods made from what they harvested

Question 16

How did the Church make money during this time?

Answer 16

Close links between monarch and the church, as the state gets rich, so does the church. Due to church corruption, the church has indulgences to make up for it. Ex: people could pay money to skip pergatory.
Pergatory: an intermediate state after death, cleansing before you go to heaven