European Colonialsim Flashcards
Age of Discovery
European explorers made long voyages in search of gold, silver, spices, & other sources of wealth
Age of Discovery
Sought to spread Christianity & Map the world
Middle Ages
spices form Southeast Asia had reached Europe through Chinese, Indian, & Arab traders
Spices
Ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, & mace were used to flavor food, preserve meat, & to make perfumes and medicines
Spices
Some spices were worth more than gold
Early 1500’s
Portuguese Navigators discovered they could reach India & Southeast Asia by sailing around the Southern tip (bottom) of Africa
Year 1511
Portuguese conquered Malacca & discovered sources of cloves, nutmeg, & mace
Maluku & the Banda Islands
known as the Spice Islands
European Powers
sought alternate routes that would allow them to profit from spice trade
Ferdinand Magellan
commanded 5 Spanish ships that reached the Philippines by sailing across the Pacific Ocean from Mexico
Phillipines
Became a Spanish colony
1600’s
Holland (today is Netherlands) jumped into spice trade
Dutch
charted a new route to the spice islands because the Portuguese controlled the Strait of Malacca
Dutch (continued)
By Middle Ages, they replaced the Portuguese as the dominant trading power
Colonial Rule
1800’s
1800’s & early 1900’s
European Countries gained control over other part of Southeast Asia
Burma & Malaysia
became colonies of Great Britain
Vietnam, Laos, & Cambodia
became colonies of France
Tin & Coal mines
European countries added to spice trade by building factories to process these raw materials
Plantations were established
these were for tea, coffee, tobacco, & rubber trees
Thailand (Siam)
Only state in Southeast Asia that Europeans did NOT colonize
Thailand (Siam)
ruled by absolute monarchy from mid-1300’s until 1932 when the British declared war there. Siams leaders agreed to allow free trade with Great Britain (British), & other Western countries. This allowed Thailand to remain independent (was not colonized).
Definition
a country installing a settlement of its people on foreign land
1100 BCs
Phoenicia - began colonizing - sailed all over Mediterranean Sea and would establish little towns and countries
264 BC
Rome - Sent Romans to live in many different places (ex. Africa, Middle East)
1400
Portugal - Very Aggressive colonists & one of the most powerful. Sailed across Atlantic Ocean
1500s
Spain gets very aggressive in sailing across the Atlantic Ocean - People in Mexico are mostly descendants of Spain
1600s
Europeans - begin to colonize North America (where we live in the United States of America U.S.A.)
