Europe During Middle Ages Flashcards
Renaissance
Renaissance. a. The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe. b. The period of this revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th century, marking the transition from medieval to modern times.
Milan
Italy
Venice
Italian Venezia. a seaport in NE Italy, built on numerous small islands in the Lagoon of Venice.
Florence
City in central Italy on the Arno River. Note: Florence was the center of the Italian Renaissance from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries, during which time the artistic and intellectual life of the city flourished.
Rome
Rome definition. Capital of Italy, largest city in the country, and seat of the Roman Catholic Church (see Vatican City State; see also Vatican), located on the Tiber River in west-central Italy. Rome is one of the world’s great centers of history, art, architecture, and religion.
Medici
Rome definition. Capital of Italy, largest city in the country, and seat of the Roman Catholic Church (see Vatican City State; see also Vatican), located on the Tiber River in west-central Italy. Rome is one of the world’s great centers of history, art, architecture, and religion.
Humanism
an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems.
Machiavelli
befitting Machiavelli. 2. being or acting in accordance with the principles of government analyzed in Machiavelli’s The Prince, in which political expediency is placed above morality and the use of craft and deceit to maintain the authority and carry out the policies of a ruler is described.
Perspective
the art of drawing solid objects on a two-dimensional surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width, depth, and position in relation to each other when viewed from a particular point.
Gutenberg
n German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468) Synonyms: Gutenberg, Johannes Gutenberg Example of: pressman, printer. someone whose occupation is printing.
Erasmus
The Erasmus Programme (European Region Action Scheme for the Mobility of University Students) is a European Union (EU) student exchange programme established in 1987.
William Shakespeare
Shakespeare, William definition. An English playwright and poet of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, generally considered the greatest writer in English.
Sir Thomas More
Roman Catholics as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist. He was also a councillor to Henry VIII, and Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to 16 May 1532.
Flemish
the Dutch language as spoken in Flanders, one of the two official languages of Belgium.
Michelangelo
Michelangelo Buonarroti) 1475–1564, Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet.
John Van Eyck
was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges and one of the most significant Northern Renaissance artists of the 15th century. Little is known of his early life.
Albert Durer
was a painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance.
Fresco
a painting done rapidly in watercolor on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling, so that the colors penetrate the plaster and become fixed as it dries.
Indulgence
the action or fact of indulging.
Predestination
the divine foreordaining of all that will happen, especially with regard to the salvation of some and not others. It has been particularly associated with the teachings of St. Augustine of Hippo and of Calvin.
Reformation
the action or process of reforming an institution or practice.
Martin Luther
A sixteenth-century German religious leader; the founder of Protestantism. Luther, a priest of the Roman Catholic Church, began the Reformation by posting his Ninety-five Theses, which attacked the church for allowing the sale of indulgences.
Henry VIIII
A king of England in the early sixteenth century. With the support of his Parliament, Henry established himself as head of the Christian Church in England, in place of the pope, after the pope refused to allow his marriage to Catherine of Aragon to be dissolved.
John Calvin
John (Jean Chauvin or Caulvin) 1509–64, French theologian and reformer in Switzerland: leader in the Protestant Reformation. 2. Melvin, 1911–97, U.S. chemist: Nobel Prize 1961. 3. a male given name: from a Latin word meaning “bald.
