Europe And Russia Flashcards

1
Q

Moraines

A

piles of glacial debris

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2
Q

Fjords

A

Flooded valley inlets

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3
Q

Polder

A

Reclaimed land, drain lake and farm

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4
Q

Romance Language

A

French, Spanish, Italian

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5
Q

Germanic Language

A

Language North of the Alps.

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6
Q

Slavic Language

A

Third major language group

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7
Q

Fortress Europe

A

Free movement for citizens across national borders without passport inspections or checks

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8
Q

Schengen Agreement

A

Goal for gradual reduction of border formalities for travelers moving between EU countries

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9
Q

Countries with ties to Orthodox Church

A

Cyrillic alphabet (Bulgaria, Macedonia, Bosnia and Serbia)

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10
Q

Irredentism

A

State policies for reclaiming lost territory and peoples

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11
Q

NATO

A

U.S, west Germany to south of Turkey

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12
Q

Berlin Blockade

A

Soviets imposed a blockade on the city, NATO air lifted supplies to the city

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13
Q

Privatization

A

Transfer to private ownership of firms and industries that were previously owned and operated by the state government

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14
Q

Russian Domain

A

Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia

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15
Q

Kamchatka Wilderness

A

Untouched environment (China, Canada, Russia have oil rights)

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16
Q

Russian Environment

A

Poor air quality
Low quality coal
Building industries in concentrated areas
Nuclear threat, dump waste in water

17
Q

Podzol Soils

A

Acidic soils that limit farm output

18
Q

Permafrost

A

Cold-climate condition, unstable seasonally frozen ground

19
Q

Trans-Siberian Railroad

A

Key railroad passage to the Pacific

20
Q

Gulag Archipelago

A

Vast collection of political prisons, inmate spent years removed from families and communities

21
Q

Russification

A

Soviet policy of resettling Russians into non-Russian portions of the soviet union

22
Q

Mikrorayans

A

Large, soviet-era housing projects

23
Q

Cossacks

A

Slavic speaking Christians who migrate searching for freedom

24
Q

Socialist Realism

A

A style devoted to the realistic depiction of workers heroically challenging nature or struggling against capitalism

25
Q

Russian Time Zones

A

11 Time zones, 200 million people in Russian Domain, 110 Million in Russia

26
Q

Russian Air Pollution

A

Clustered factories
Few environment controls
Low-quality coal

27
Q

Russian Water Pollution

A

Industrial waste
Raw sewage
Oil spills
Pulp and paper factories polluted Lake Baikal

28
Q

Exclave

A

Portion of a countries territory that lies outside its contiguous land area

29
Q

Glasnost

A

Policy of greater openness (Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev)

30
Q

Denuclearization

A

Return of nuclear weapons from outlying republics to Russian control and partial dismantling

31
Q

Centralized Economic Planning

A

State controlled production targets and industrial outputs

32
Q

Devolution

A

More localized political control in Russia

33
Q

European Union

A

Supranational Organization with 27 countries, regional force in europe