Eukayotic cell Cycle Flashcards
During which stage does: the new daughter cell grows and undergoes normal metabolic activity
G1
Cell division in eukaryotic cells can occur as
Mitosis or meiosis
During which stage does: DNA replication occur
S
During which stage does: synthesis of microtubules , replication of some organelles (in order to accommodate two cells) , synthesis of enzymes, condensing of DNA molecules
G2
Chromatin
Un condensed molecules of DNA
During which stage does: the division process occur
M
Prophase
The spindle assembles itself, each double rod chromosomes centromere attaches to a separate spindle fiber. Scattered
Metaphase
The centromeres of the double rod chromosomes line up on the equator
Anaphase
The centromeres of the double rod chromosomes divide into two single rod chromosomes. (They contain the exact same genetic information)
Telophase
The SR chromosomes arrive at the poles of the spindle and cytokinesis occurs
The net result of mitosis is
Two new daughter cells that are genetically identical to each other and the former parent cell
Prophase one
The spindle apparatus assembles itself, the homologs pair up into tetrads. (Attached to same spindle fiber) scattered tetrads. Crossing over occurs
Metaphase one
The centromeres of the chromosomes line up on the equator. Still in tetras arrangement.
Anaphase one
The DR homologs separate from each other and travel to opposite poles. This results in haploid sets of chromosomes at each pole. (That are not identical.)
Telophase one
The DR chromosomes arrive at the poles and cytokinesis occurs
The net result of meiosis one is
To reduce the number of chromosomes in the parental cell by half. Each daughter cell has only half as many chromosomes as the former parent cell. Each daughter cell is haploid whereas the former parent cell was diploid.
Prophase two
The haploid set of chromosomes is scattered throughout with the centromeres attached to the spindle fibers
Metaphase two
The centromeres of the chromosomes line up along the equator. DR still
Anaphase two
The centromeres of the DR divide to form two single rod chromosomes. (Not identical because of crossing over)
Telophase two
The SR chromosomes arrive at opposite poles and cytokinesis occurs
The net result of meiosis two is
Four gametes, each of which contains the haploid number of chromosomes for that species and all of which are SR.
Crossing over and meiosis (along with fertilization) provide
The variation in a population from which nature selects
The ploidy level of a cell refers to
How many sets of chromosomes the cell contains
The gametes of an individual that is diploid are
Haploid ( the result of meiosis )
