Eukaryotic Organelles (Animals & Plants)

Question 1

Nucleus Structure:

Answer 1

Double membrane structure with pores; contains an inner region called a nucleolus.

Question 2

Nucleus Function:

Answer 2

Stores genetic material (DNA) as chromatin; the nucleolus is the site of ribosome assembly.

Question 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure:

Answer 3

A membrane network that may be bare (Smooth ER) or studded with ribosomes (Rough ER).

Question 4

Endoplasmic Reticulum Function:

Answer 4

Transport materials between organelles (Smooth ER does this with lipids, and Rough ER does this with proteins.)

Question 5

Golgi Apparatus Structure:

Answer 5

An assembly of vesicles and folded membranes located near the cell membrane.

Question 6

Golgi Apparatus Function:

Answer 6

Involved in the sorting, storing, modification, and export of secretory products.

Question 7

Mitochondrion Structure:

Answer 7

Double membrane structure, inner membrane highly folded into internal cristae.

Question 8

Mitochondrion Function:

Answer 8

Site of aerobic respiration (ATP) production.

Question 9

Peroxisome Structure:

Answer 9

The membranous sac containing a variety of catabolic enzymes.

Question 10

Peroxisome Function:

Answer 10

Catalyzes breakdown of toxic substances: H2O2 and other metabolites.

Question 11

Centrosome Structure:

Answer 11

Microtubule organizing center (contains paired centrioles in animal cells but not plant cells.)

Question 12

Centrosome Function:

Answer 12

Radiatindiating microtubules form spindle fibers and contribute to cell division (mitosis/meiosis).