Eukaryotic Organelles Flashcards
What is the function of chloroplast?
Thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll which aids in photosynthesis.
What is the function of a vacuole?
Keeps the cell turgor by keeping the cytoplasm pushed against the cell wall.
Stores materials in sap (In plant and fungal cells).
What is the function of centrioles?
Form spindle fibres for chromosome attachment in animal cell division.
What is the function of the rough ER
Site of protein synthesis by ribosomes.
Transports the proteins within it and vesicles containing proteins pinch off it to be transported to the Golgi apparatus.
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Protein modification.
EG: Adding carbohydrate chains to form glycoproteins.
Packaging proteins in vesicles for secretion from the cell by exocytosis or forming lysosomes, (vesicles containing digestive enzymes).
What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis.
What is the function of the smooth ER?
Secretes lipids.
What is the function of vesicles?
Contain substances for transport between ER, Golgi body, cell surface membrane and lysosomes.
What is the function of lysosomes?
Contain digestive enzymes, used in digestion of excess or worn-out organelles: food particles and engulfed viruses and bacteria.
What is the function of the nucleus?
Contains DNA in the form of chromatin which has a genetic code for protein synthesis.
mRNA is formed from the DNA template.
The site of rRNA (ribosomal RNA synthesis).
What is the function of the mitochondrion?
ATP synthesis in aerobic respiration.
What is the structure of the mitochondrion?
Outer membrane
Inner membrane
Inter membrane space
70s ribosome
Crista
Phosphate granule
Matrix
Circular DNA
What is the structure of the nucleus?
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
Chromatin
Nuclear pores
Nuclear envelope
What is the structure of a lysosome?
Digestive enzymes
What is the structure of a vesicle?
Substances (EG: Damaged mitochondria).
