Eukaryotic cells Flashcards
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A type of cell that contains a nucleus and organelles enclosed within membranes.
What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole; animal cells do not have these structures.
What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?
Controls the cell’s activities and contains genetic material.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
Involved in the synthesis of proteins (RER) and lipids (SER).
Fill in the blank: The cell wall of fungal cells is made of _______.
chitin
What is the primary function of chloroplasts?
Site of photosynthesis and ATP production.
What is the structure that stacks thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts?
Granum (plural - grana).
What do lysosomes contain?
Hydrolytic enzymes to break down waste material.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Site where proteins are made.
True or False: Fungi can photosynthesize.
False
What does the Golgi apparatus do?
Processes and packages new lipids and proteins; makes lysosomes.
What is the role of the cell vacuole?
Helps maintain pressure inside the cell and keeps it rigid.
What is the fluid inside mitochondria called?
Matrix.
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
Main site of protein synthesis.
Fill in the blank: The inner fluid of chloroplasts is called _______.
stroma
What do Golgi vesicles store and transport?
Lipids and proteins made by the Golgi apparatus.
What is the primary difference between algal cells and plant cells?
Algal cells can be unicellular or multicellular.
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?
Synthesizes and processes lipids.
What is the function of the cell wall?
Support cells and prevent them from changing shape.
What is the nucleolus responsible for?
Making ribosomes.
what are the main types of eukaryotic cells
- animal cells
- plant cells
- fungal cells
- algal cells
difference between fungi and plant cells
- fungi cell wall is made of chitin not cellulose
- Fungi doesn’t have chloroplast – doesn’t
photosynthesise
