Eukaryotic Cells Flashcards
Relative average size
10 - 100 micrometers
What marks the golgi
alpha mannosidase II
What marks the nucleus
DNA
What marks the ribosomes
rRNA
What marks the endosome
uptake of peroxidase
What marks the cytosol
L-lactate dehydrogenase
What marks the peroxisome
Catalase
What marks the mitochondrion
Succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c-oxidase
What marks the ER
Catalase
KDEL sequence location
C terminal end of protein
KDEL sequence function
Prevents protein secretion inthe ER, proteins can only leave once sequence has been cleaved
Rough ER Functions
Synthesis of secretory proteins, glysolation
Glycosylation
Addition of N-linked oligosaccharides to peptides
What is N-linked
Binds to N-terminus of amino acid
Where is the rough ER found in high conc. in
Neurons in Nissl bodies, pancreatic acinar cells, chief cells of stomach
What marks the lysosome
Beta N- acetylhexoaminidase and beta galactosidase
What marks the plasma membrane
Na+/K+ ATPase and phosphodiesterase I
What is a nissl body
Subcellular component of a dendrite
What do chief cells produce
Pepsinogen
Functions of smooth ER
Steroid synthesis, Ca 2+ storage in sarcoplasmic reticulum, hepatocyte detoxification, produces peroxisomes, carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism
How does the smooth ER detoxify hepatocytes
Hydroxylation - cytochrome P450 hydroxylase complex and Conjugation - attachment of polar moiety to toxins
Where is steroid synthesis abundant
Testes, ovaries, adrenal cortex, corpus luteum
What is gluconeogenesis mediated by
Glucose-6-phosphatase
What is SERCA and what is its function
sarco/ER Ca2+/ATPase, transports Ca2+ from cytosol into smooth ER
Function of Ca2+ release
Mediates/initiates muscle contraction
What is the purpose of conjugation
Makes toxins more water soluble, part of detoxification process
