eukaryotic cell structure

Question 1

What is a eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

A cell with membrane bound organelles such as a nucleus

Question 2

What is an organelle

Answer 2

A structure found within a cell which a specific function

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

-largest and densest organelle
-bound by a double membrane that has pores
-contains DNA, collectively known as chromatin (chromosomes which are uncoiled)

Question 4

What do the pores do on double membrane of nucleus

Answer 4

Controls what enters and leaves the organelle
They allow MRNA to leave and travel to ribosomes to be used in protein synthesis
Do not allow larger DNA molecules to leave

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

-Smalles and least dense organelle
-not membrane bound
-can be found in cytoplasm or rough ER
-made in the nucleoli
-Site of protein synthesis

Question 6

Nucleolus

Answer 6

-Densely stained region of the nucleus
-where ribosomes at constructed

Question 7

Vesicles

Answer 7

-Small membrane bound sacs that contain fluid
-fluid contrais. proteins carbs or lipids

Question 8

What do vesicles do

Answer 8

They fuse with the cell membrane so their contents can be secreted to the outside of the cell (exocytosis)

Question 9

Golgi body

Answer 9

• a series of flattered cavities that are stacked on top of each other
• Vesciles pinches off from part of the cavities transports molecules
• Protein lipids and carbs produced in the ER can be modified here
  -Form lysosomes

Question 10

Rough ER

Answer 10

• series of connected flattened sacs called cisterns that spread through the cytoplasm
  -have ribosomes attached to the surface
  -vesciles pinch of the cavity and travel to golgi body where proteins can be modified

Question 11

Smooth ER

Answer 11

• site of carb synthesis, storage and transport
• site of lipid synthesis, storage and transport
  -series of connected more rounded cisterenae that do not have ribosomes on the surface

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

-membrane bound organelle that contains digestive enzymes
-break down excess or worn out parts of cells so useful chemicals they contain can be reused
scan destroy invading viruses and bacteria
-can self destruct cell

Question 13

mitochondria

Answer 13

-relatively large rod shaped organelle
- has a double membrane
- smooth outer membrane to control movement of molecules
-highly folded inner membrane (cristae)
-fluid interior is called the matrix
- site of respiration
-atp produced

Question 14

Cristae membrane

Answer 14

• gives a greater surface area which respiration can take place o er
  -contains enzymes for producing atp

Question 15

The matrix

Answer 15

-in the mitochondria and contains enzymes for early stages of respiration-
ribosomes for protein synthesis and
-dna for replication of the cell