Eukaryotic cell organelles Flashcards
what is the structure of the nucleus?
it contains a dense structure called the nucleolus, it is surrounded by the nuclear envelope (two membranes separated by fluid) which contains nuclear pores (Allows big molecules to pass through)
what is the function of the nucleus?
contains nearly all the cells genetic material. creates ribonucleic acid and ribosome which travel out of the nucleus
what is the structure of smooth and rough ER?
the ER is found near the nucleus, it is made up of a number of flattened sacs called cisternae. rough ER it has ribosome on its surface where smooth does not
what is the function of rough ER?
transports proteins that are synthesised in the ribosomes
what is the function of smooth ER?
synthesises lipids
what is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?
a stack of membrane bound sacs
what is the function of Golgi apparatus?
modification of proteins received from the ER, these are then transported in vesicles around the cell
what is the structure of lysosomes?
membrane bound spherical sacs
what is the function of lysosomes?
contains enzymes used to break down materials
what is the structure of the mitochondria?
round double membrane bound organelles, the inner membrane is folded to form Cristal which is folded into matrix the central part of the mitochondria
what is the function of the mitochondria?
aerobic respiration, produces ATP
what is the structure of chloroplasts?
two fluid separated membranes, inner membrane is folded into a network of flattened sacs called thylakoids that are stacked into grana
what is the function of the chloroplast?
thylakoids contain chlorohyll in which the process of photosynthesis occurs
What is the structure of vacuoles?
the joining of many vesicles to form one larger vesicle which contain water within it
what is the function of vacuoles?
varies on type of cell, in plants they maintain turgor pressure
