Eukaryotic Cell Flashcards
Difference between eukaryotic cell and prokaryotic cell?
Eukaryote:
Cells with a distinct nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Animal cells, plant cells, fungi
Prokaryote:
Single celled micro-organism with no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles
Bacteria, archaea
Cytosol vs cytoplasm
cytosol = no organelles. main site of protein synthesis and degradation. cytoplasm = cytosol + organelles. no nucleus.
Function of RER
Membrane synthesis and SECRETORY protein synthesis
SER
Lipid synthesis
Golgi Apparatus
sorting + modification of proteins
Mitochondria
Site of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production, contain their own DNA.
perOXIsome
Uses molecular oxygen to oxidize organic molecules. Breakdown LCFA. can self replicate but no DNA of itself.
ENDOsome
processes internalized proteins. things from outside can be brought into the cell and decided what to do with.
Lysosome
Degradation of macromolecules
free ribosomes
for intercellular proteins
The Plasma membrane functions = ICES
- Cell isolation -
- Regulation of exchange
- Communication
- Structural support
Phospholipid is………………..
amphiphillic.
types of PSPL’s
Main: Phosphoglycerides (examples below), Sphingomyelin.
- Phosphatidylethanolamine
- Phosphatidylserine
- Phosphatidylcholine.
cholesterol
- present in eukaryotes
- stiffens membrane
- reduces permeability
structure of cholesterol:
polar head
rigid steroid ring
hydrophobic tail (at the bottom, which sits in the hydrophobic region of PSPL)
PM Permeability without proteins
Most to least permeable to:
Hydrophobic, - small uncharged polar - large polar - ions.
