Eukaryotic Cell

Question 1

Name the components of the nucleus

Answer 1

1) nucleolus
2) nuclear envelope
3) nucleoplasm
4) nuclear pores
5) chromatin

Question 2

Describe the nucleus

Answer 2

A large organelle surrounded by a nuclear envelope whi contains many pores. It contains chromosomes

Question 3

Outline the functions of the nucleus

Answer 3

• Controls the cells activities by controlling the transcription
• the pores allow to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm
• the nucleolus makes ribosomes

Question 4

Describe the structure of mitochondria

Answer 4

They are a double membrane. He inner membrane is folded to form structures called cristae. Inside is the matrix

Question 5

Function of cristae

Answer 5

Large SA for the attachment of enzymes an contains proteins involved in respiration

Question 6

Function of mitochondria

Answer 6

• site of aerobic respiration
• produces ATP
• ATP needed for cells that are very active and require a lot of energy

Question 7

Structure of Golgi apparatus

Answer 7

A group of fluid fille, membrane bound, flattered sacs. Vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs

Question 8

Function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 8

Process and packages lipids an proteins. It also makes lysosomes

Question 9

Function of Golgi vesicles

Answer 9

Created by Golgi apparatus. Store lipids and proteins made by apparatus and transport then out he cell via the cell surface membrane

Question 10

How does the Golgi apparatus modify and store lipids

Answer 10

• process triglycerides
• combine triglycerides with proteins
• packaged for release and forms vesicles

Question 11

Structure of lysosomes

Answer 11

A round organelle surrounded by a membrane and its a type of Golgi vesicle

Question 12

Function of lysosomes

Answer 12

Contain the digestive enzyme called lysozyme. Which can be used to digest invading cells, completely break down cells after they have died, digest worn down organelles so that useful chemical can be reused

Question 13

Structure of ribosomes

Answer 13

Small organelle that either float in the cytoplasm or is attached t the rough ER. It’s mad up o proteins and RNA and is not surrounded by a membrane

Question 14

Function of ribosomes

Answer 14

Protein synthesis

Question 15

Structure of rough ER

Answer 15

A system of membranes. The surface is covered with ribosomes

Question 16

Function rough ER

Answer 16

• Large SA for protein synthesis

- fold and process proteins that have been made in the ribosomes

Question 17

Structure smooth ER

Answer 17

Surface is completely smooth

Question 18

Function of smooth ER

Answer 18

Synthesis and store lipids

Question 19

Structure of the cell wall

Answer 19

A rigid structure that surrounds cells in plants, algae and fungi. In plants and algae the cell wall is made up of cellulose but in fungi its made up of chitin

Question 20

Function of cell wall

Answer 20

Mechanical strength - prevents cell from bursting

Allows water to pass along it

Question 21

Structure of cell vacuole

Answer 21

Fluid filled sacs surrounded by a single membrane. His membrane is called the tonoplast

Question 22

Function of vacuole

Answer 22

Sugar and amino acid found inside act a tempo food store

The pigment attracts pollinating insects

Question 23

Structure of chloroplast

Answer 23

Surrounded by a double membrane, has a membrane inside called thylakoid membrane when stacked they form Grana. Grana have a large SA for the attachment of chlorophyll and enzymes

Question 24

Function of chloroplast

Answer 24

Site of photosynthesis

Question 25

Define eukaryotic

Answer 25

Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelle